Glucotrol

The primary efficacy variable for Part II was the proportion of patients in clinical remission on canakinumab 4 mg/kg (+/- concomitant NSAID only) who were able to remain on a reduced dose or on prolonged dose interval for at least 24 consecutive weeks. As the primary objective was to show statistically significance in at least one of canakinumab treatment arms (reduced dose and prolonged dose interval arms) in Part II then the Type I error rate 5% was controlled and split to 2.5%. Clinical remission per protocol is defined as the maintenance of inactive disease for at least 6 months (24consecutive weeks) while on therapy. The primary analysis considered both inactive disease status and the patient dose step duration. In the event the inactive disease status was missing, yet the patient remained at the same dose level through the next visit with the same disease status, it was concluded that inactive disease was maintained during this time period and was carried forward.

Disease relapse following complete response is defined as inflammation markers: C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and/or Serum Amyloid A (SAA) result \> 30 mg/L AND Physician's Global Assessment of Autoinflammatory Disease Activity \> minimal or Physician's Global Assessment \>= minimal AND Skin Disease Assessment \> minimal. Physician's Global Assessment of Autoinflammatory Disease Activity and Skin Disease Assessment (urticarial skin rash) are completed by the investigator using a 5 point rating scale: absent, minimal, mild, moderate and severe.

Adverse events (AEs) were defined as any unfavorable and unintended diagnosis, symptom, sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), syndrome or disease which either occurs during study, having been absent at baseline,or, if present at baseline, appears to worsen. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were defined as any untoward medical occurrences that result in death, are life threatening, require (or prolong) hospitalization, cause persistent or significant disability/incapacity, result in congenital anomalies or birth defects, or are other conditions which in judgement of investigators represent significant hazards.

Complete response was defined as clinical remission and serological remission. Clinical remission was defined as Physician global assessment of auto-inflammatory disease activity as absent or minimal (using a 5-point scale ranging from absent to severe) and assessment of skin disease as absent or minimal (using a 5-point scale ranging from absent to severe). Serological remission was defined as C reactive protein (CRP) or Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) to be less than (\<) 15 milligram per liter (mg/L) and \<10 mg/L respectively.

Determined by the Physician's global assessment of autoinflammatory disease activity, assessment of skin disease and inflammation markers. Data expressed as a percent of participants who had experienced a flare by the end of Part II.

Disease flare is determined by the Physician's global assessment of autoinflammatory disease activity, assessment of skin disease and inflammation markers. Disease Flare = the C-reactive protein and/or serum amyloid A (SAA) \> 30 mg/L and either a PGA \> minimal, or PGA equal to minimal and \> minimal SD.

Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to record severity. Pediatric and young adult participants rated their daily sickle cell associated pain intensity once each day in the evening using an 11-point numerical rating scale from 0 to 10 with higher ratings associated with more intense pain (0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain). For each subject, there was a maximum 28-day screening period that included recording of daily pain intensity by e-diary for at least 1 week. The average daily pain results in the screening period were used to derive the baseline value. The average over week 8 to 12 was calculated and the change from baseline in the average daily pain VAS was analyzed using a Bayesian model for repeated measures.

To compare the effect of ACZ885 versus placebo in the change between baseline and week 24 in pulmonary function as measured by spirometry (Predicted Forced Vital Capacity).

Complete response was defined as clinical remission and serological remission. Clinical remission was defined as Physician's Global Assessment of TRAPS activity absent or minimal and serological remission was defined as C reactive protein (CRP) and/or Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) to be less than (\<) 10 milligram per liter (mg/L). Almost complete response was defined as clinical remission and a partial serological remission (equal to or more than \[≥\] 70% reduction of baseline CRP and/or SAA).

Participants were monitored for adverse events, serious adverse events and death throughout the study.

Two axial, ECG-gated, steady state free precession (SSFP) 'cine' images were acquired during breath-hold to determine aortic distensibility. The first image was obtained at the level of the right pulmonary artery through the ascending and proximal descending aorta and the second through the distal aorta below the diaphragm. Imaging of the aorta also enabled evaluation of the plaque burden and additional vascular function measures.

For assessment of atherosclerotic plaque burden of the aorta, vessel wall images of the aorta were acquired with an ECG gated double-inversion recovery (black blood) fast spin echo sequence applied breath-holding. Using an oblique sagittal image of the aorta as a pilot, serial axial images were acquired to cover a section of the descending thoracic aorta. The midpoint of the right pulmonary artery in cross section was used as the anatomical reference for the first slice in baseline and follow-up scans. For assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque burden in the carotids, vessel wall images were acquired with an axial ECG gated PD (proton density) weighted black blood sequence. The carotid bifurcation was used as the anatomical reference for all three imaging time points (baseline, 12 weeks, 48 weeks) with axial slice planes acquired below the bifurcation region. The mean values reported here for the carotid are reported for the proximal common carotid region.

At each post-dose visit, an ACR20 responder was defined as someone who achieved at least 20% improvement in the tender and the swollen 28-joint count, and 20% improvement in at least 3 of the following 5 measures:: * Patient's pain assessment (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 100 mm) * Patient's global assessment of disease activity (VAS 100 mm) * Physician's global assessment of disease activity (VAS 100 mm) * Patient self-assessed disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score) * Acute phase reactant (high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP))