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Lifileucel

Phase 3

Metastatic Melanoma | Monoclonal antibody | Oncology |Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc.|Last Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Success Probability
Approval Probability 71%
TA Base Rate26%
Adjusted LOA41%
ML RiskLOW_RISK
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Market & Valuation
rNPV $3.2B
Market Size $9.4B
Revenue Basis $1.6B
Competitors 6
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Trial Design
RandomizedCONTROLLEDDMCBiomarker
Total Trials3
Total Enrollment900
FDA Designations
No designations recorded
Clinical Trials (3)
NCT IDTitlePhaseStatusEnrollmentVelocityDesignStartCompletionLast UpdatedSitesCountries
NCT05727904Study to Investigate Lifileucel Regimen Plus Pembrolizumab Compared With Pembrolizumab Alone in Participants With Untreated Advanced Melanoma.PHASE3 RECRUITING 670Mar 30, 2023Mar 1, 2030Apr 3, 202675 United States, Australia +12
NCT02360579Study of Lifileucel (LN-144), Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic MelanomaPHASE2 COMPLETED 220Sep 24, 2015Oct 24, 2024Mar 25, 202657 United States, France +6
NCT05640193A Study of LN-144 in People With Metastatic Melanoma to the BrainPHASE1 ACTIVE NOT_RECRUITING 10Nov 25, 2022Nov 1, 2026Sep 12, 20251 United States
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Study Endpoints
Primary Endpoints
Objective Response Rate and Progression Free Survival
5 years total duration

To compare the efficacy of lifileucel plus pembrolizumab with the efficacy of pembrolizumab alone measured by objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by the blinded independent review committee (BIRC) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1

Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate
Every 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 months

Evaluate the efficacy of LN-144 in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma using the objective response rate (ORR), as assessed by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 for Cohorts 1 \& 3 and as assessed by Independent Review Committee (IRC) per RECIST Version 1.1 for Cohorts 2 \& 4

Feasibility of treatment with LN-144 in patients with asymptomatic Metastatic Melanoma to the Brain (MMB)
1 year

measured by the number of patients who undergo surgery and successfully undergo LN-144 infusion

Secondary Endpoints
Overall Survival
7 years total duration
Complete Response Rate, Duration of Response and Event Free Survival
5 years total duration
Objective Response Rate, Progression Free Survival, Complete Response Rate, Duration of Responses, Event Free Survival and PFS2
5 years total duration
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Study Design & Arms
AllocationRANDOMIZED
MaskingNONE
ModelPARALLEL
PurposeTREATMENT
Treatment Arms
ArmTypeDescription
Arm AEXPERIMENTALLifileucel plus Pembrolizumab
Arm BACTIVE_COMPARATORPembrolizumab alone with Optional Crossover Period
Cohort 1EXPERIMENTALNon-cryopreserved LN-144 (Gen 1 infusion product) (Closed)
Cohort 2EXPERIMENTALCryopreserved lifileucel (LN-144) (Gen 2 infusion product) (Closed)
Cohort 3EXPERIMENTALRetreatment cohort: patients from Cohort 1, Cohort 2 or Cohort 4 may rescreen for a second TIL regimen therapy if they meet all Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria (except exclusion criterion b).
Cohort 4EXPERIMENTALCryopreserved lifileucel (LN-144) (Gen 2 infusion product)
Participants with Melanoma Brain MetastasesEXPERIMENTALParticipants have melanoma brain metastases who will undergo surgical excision to generate LN-144.
Interventions
NameTypeDescription
Lifileucel plus PembrolizumabBIOLOGICALA tumor sample is resected from each patient for Lifileucel manufacturing. Patients then receive Pembrolizumab followed by the lifileucel regimen which consists of non-myeloablative lymphodepletion, lifileucel infusion followed by IL-2. Patients will then continue to receive Pembrolizumab every 6 weeks until disease progression.
Pembrolizumab with Optional Crossover PeriodBIOLOGICALPatient will receive Pembrolizumab monotherapy every 6 weeks until disease progression. Upon verified confirmed disease progression by the blinded independent review central committee, patients may proceed to lifileucel monotherapy during an optional crossover period if they meet eligibility criteria. Optional crossover: A tumor sample is resected from each patient for Lifileucel manufacturing. Patients then receive the lifileucel regimen which consists of non-myeloablative lymphodepletion, lifileucel infusion followed by IL-2.
LifileucelBIOLOGICALA tumor sample is resected from each patient and cultured ex vivo to expand the population of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. After lymphodepletion, patients are infused with lifileucel followed by IL-2.
Lifileucel (LN-144)BIOLOGICALA portion of the patient's tumor is resected and serves as the starting material for manufacturing lifileucel. After preparative NMA-LD, patients are infused with their autologous TIL (lifileucel), followed by a short course of high-dose IL-2.
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Eligibility Criteria
Age Range18 Years — 70 Years
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites75

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Participant has a histologically or pathologically confirmed diagnosis of Stage IIIC, IIID, or IV unresectable or metastatic melanoma. 2. In the investigator's assessment, the participant has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 and an est...

Countries:United StatesAustraliaBelgiumCanadaFranceGermanyIsraelItalyNetherlandsSouth KoreaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUnited KingdomHungary
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Competitive Landscape -Melanoma 127 trials
CompanyTickerTrialsLead PhaseDrugs
Merck & Co., Inc.MRK6PHASE3Intismeran autogene, Pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab Berahyaluronidase alfa
Bristol-Myers Squibb CompanyBMY7PHASE3Nivolumab, Nivolumab + Relatlimab, rHuPH20, Relatlimab, relatlimab+nivolumab
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.REGN8PHASE3Fianlimab, Cemiplimab, Pembrolizumab, fianlimab, cemiplimab
Pfizer Inc.PFE4PHASE3Encorafenib, Binimetinib, Pembrolizumab, PF-08046049, PF-07799933
IDEAYA Biosciences, Inc.IDYA4PHASE3Darovasertib, IDE196, Crizotinib, Pembrolizumab, Ipilimumab
Iovance Biotherapeutics IncIOVA6PHASE3Lifileucel plus Pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab with Optional Crossover Period, Lifileucel, LN-145/LN-144, Cyclophosphamide
Replimune Group, Inc.REPL5PHASE3Vusolimogene Oderparepvec, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, Single-agent chemotherapy, RP1
Amgen Inc.AMGN1PHASE3ABP 206, Nivolumab
Immunocore Holdings Plc Shs Sponsored American Depositary Shares Repr 1 ShIMCR3PHASE3Tebentafusp, Brenetafusp, Nivolumab
Immatics N.V.IMTX2PHASE3IMA203, nivolumab plus relatlimab, lifileucel, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab
Aura Biosciences IncAURA4PHASE3Bel-sar
Novartis AG Sponsored ADRNVS6PHASE2LXH254, LTT462, Trametinib, Ribociclib, DYP688
IO Biotech, Inc.IOBT2PHASE3IO102-IO103, Pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab KEYTRUDA
Erasca, Inc.ERAS1PHASE3Naporafenib, Dacarbazine, Temozolomide, Trametinib
AstraZeneca PLCAZN3PHASE2Ceralasertib, Durvalumab, AZD6750, rilvegostomig, Trastuzumab deruxtecan
Eikon Therapeutics, Inc.EIKN2PHASE2EIK1001, Pembrolizumab, Association atezolizumab + BDB001 + RT
Moderna, Inc.MRNA1PHASE2mRNA-4157, Pembrolizumab
Genmab A/S Sponsored ADRGMAB2PHASE2Acasunlimab, Pembrolizumab, GEN1042, Cisplatin, Carboplatin
Agenus Inc.AGEN1PHASE2Botensilimab, Balstilimab
ImmunityBio IncIBRX1PHASE2N-803 + Pembrolizumab
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Recent Changes (Last 90 Days)
LOWMay 26, 2026NCT05727904primaryCompletionDate: changed
LOWMay 26, 2026NCT05640193primaryCompletionDate: changed
LOWMay 24, 2026NCT05727904studyFirstPostDate: changed
LOWMay 24, 2026NCT05640193studyFirstPostDate: changed