Recent Updates
Recently added Catalysts

Exa-cel

Phase 3FDA approved

Sickle Cell Disease | Cell Therapies | Hematology |Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated|Trials Updated: Sep 16, 2026

Exa-cel development status

FDA approval on record Approved
Highest phase Phase 3 (NCT05951205)
Phase scored for VRTXPhase 2
Registered trials 8 across 2 sponsors since Aug 2018

Exa-cel target and mechanism

Target class-Cel (Cell Tx)
ModalityCell Therapies

Also known as Exagamglogene autotemcel, CTX001

Success Probability

Subscribe to view

Market & Valuation

Subscribe to view

Trial Design

UNCONTROLLEDDMC
Total Trials6
Total Enrollment337

FDA Designations

PRIORITY_REVIEW

Exa-cel clinical trials

Exa-cel · 6 trials · 10 indications

Phase 3 4Phase 2/3 2
NCT05477563Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of a Single Dose of CTX001 in Participants With Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia and Severe Sickle Cell DiseaseBeta-Thalassemia
RECRUITING26 Analytics
NCT05356195Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of CTX001 in Pediatric Participants With Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia (TDT)Beta-Thalassemia
ACTIVE NOT_RECRUITING16 Analytics
NCT05329649Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of CTX001 in Pediatric Participants With Severe Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)Sickle Cell Disease
ACTIVE NOT_RECRUITING13 Analytics
NCT04208529A Long-term Follow-up Study in Participants Who Received CTX001Beta-Thalassemia
ENROLLING BY_INVITATION160 Analytics
PHASE3RECRUITING
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of a Single Dose of CTX001 in Participants With Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia and Severe Sickle Cell Disease
Beta-ThalassemiaUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3ACTIVE NOT_RECRUITING
Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of CTX001 in Pediatric Participants With Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia (TDT)
Beta-ThalassemiaUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3ACTIVE NOT_RECRUITING
Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of CTX001 in Pediatric Participants With Severe Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
Sickle Cell DiseaseUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3ENROLLING BY_INVITATION
A Long-term Follow-up Study in Participants Who Received CTX001
Beta-ThalassemiaUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

Fetal Hemoglobin (HbF) Concentration Over Time
Up to 12 Months After CTX001 Infusion
Total Hemoglobin (Hb) Concentration Over Time
Up to 12 Months After CTX001 Infusion
Proportion of Participants who Achieve Transfusion Independence for at Least 12 Consecutive Months (TI12)
Up to 24 Months After CTX001 Infusion
Proportion of Participants who do not Have any Severe Vaso-occlusive Crises (VOCs) for at Least 12 Consecutive Months (VF12)
Up to 24 Months After CTX001 Infusion
New malignancies
Signing of informed consent up to 15 years post CTX001 infusion
New or worsening hematologic disorders
Signing of informed consent up to 15 years post CTX001 infusion
All-cause mortality
Signing of informed consent up to 15 years post CTX001 infusion
Serious adverse events (SAEs)
Signing of informed consent up to 15 years post CTX001 infusion
CTX001-related adverse events (AEs)
Signing of informed consent up to 15 years post CTX001 infusion
Percentage of Participants Who Have Not Experienced Any Severe Vaso-occlusive Crisis (VOC) for at Least 12 Consecutive Months (VF12) After Exa-cel Infusion
From 60 days after last RBC transfusion up to 2 years after exa-cel infusion

A VOC is a condition of SCD characterized by vaso-occlusion presenting as recurrent pain episodes. The percentage of participants who remain VOC free after achieving VF12 were data reported in the outcome measure.

Percentage of Participants Who Achieve Neutrophil Engraftment
Up to 24 months post exa-cel infusion.

Neutrophil engraftment is defined as the first day of 3 consecutive measurements of absolute neutrophil count (ANC)≥500/μL on 3 different days, within 42 days after exa-cel infusion without the use of unmodified CD34+ cells after reaching the nadir, defined as ANC \<500/µL.

Time to Neutrophil Engraftment for Participants Who Achieve Neutrophil Engraftment
Up to 24 months post exa-cel infusion.

Neutrophil engraftment is defined as the first day of 3 consecutive measurements of absolute neutrophil count (ANC)≥500/μL on 3 different days, without use of the unmodified CD34+ cells after reaching the nadir, defined as ANC\<500/μL. Time to neutrophil engraftment was calculated by the neutrophil engraftment date subtract exa-cel infusion date +1.

Time to Platelet Engraftment for Participants Who Achieve Platelet Engraftment
From Exa-cel infusion up to 2 years after exa-cel infusion

Platelet engraftment is defined as the first day of 3 consecutive measurements of unsupported (no platelet transfusions for the last 7 days) platelet ≥50,000/μL on 3 different days after Exa-cel infusion. For participants discharged early day 7 after the last platelet transfusion will be the day of platelet engraftment, as long as 3 subsequent and consecutive unsupported measurements on 3 different days are \>50,000/μL. For participants who have been discharged prior to platelet engraftment, it is recommended to collect blood every 2 to 3 days to obtain an accurate assessment of platelet engraftment. Time to platelet engraftment was defined as first of 3 consecutive measurements on 3 different days with platelet ≥50 × 109/L without a platelet transfusion for 7 consecutive days.

Safety and Tolerability as Assessed by Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
From receiving exa-cel infusion up to 2 years
Transplant-related Mortality (TRM) Within 100 Days After Exa-cel Infusion
Within 100 days after exa-cel infusion

The transplant-related mortality is defined as death related to Busulfan and/or exa-cel infusion. The number and proportion of TRM participants who have died within 100 days, or with at least 100 days post exa-cel infusion.

Transplant-related Mortality Within 12 Months Post Exa-cel Infusion
Within 12 months post exa-cel infusion

The transplant-related mortality is defined as death related to Busulfan and/or exa-cel infusion. The number and proportion of TRM within 12 months will be summarized for participants who have died within 12 months, or with at least 12 months post exa-cel infusion.

Proportion of participants achieving transfusion independence for at least 12 consecutive months (TI12)
From 60 days after last RBC transfusion up to 24 months post-CTX001 infusion]
Proportion of participants with engraftment (first day of 3 consecutive measurements of absolute neutrophil count [ANC] ≥500/µL on three different days)
Within 42 days after CTX001 infusion
Time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment
Days post-infusion to engraftment
Frequency and severity of collected adverse events (AEs)
Signing of informed consent through Month 24 visit
Incidence of transplant-related mortality (TRM)
Baseline (pre-transfusion) to 100 days and 1 year post-CTX001 infusion

Secondary Endpoints

TDT and SCD: Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
From Signing of Informed Consent up to 12 Months After CTX001 Infusion
TDT and SCD: Proportion of Participants With Engraftment (First day of 3 Consecutive Measurements of Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) >=500 per Microliter [mcgL] on 3 Different Days)
Within 42 Days After CTX001 Infusion
TDT and SCD: Time to Engraftment
Up to 12 Months After CTX001 Infusion
Unlock Study Endpoints

Study Design & Arms

AllocationNA
MaskingNONE
ModelSINGLE_GROUP
PurposeTREATMENT

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
CTX001EXPERIMENTALCTX001 (autologous CD34+ hHSPCs modified with CRISPR-Cas9 at the erythroid lineage-specific enhancer of the BCL11A gene). Participants will receive a single infusion of CTX001 through a central venous catheter.
Exa-celEXPERIMENTALExa-cel (autologous CD34+ hHSPCs modified with CRISPR-Cas9 at the erythroid lineage-specific enhancer of the BCL11A gene). Participants received a single infusion of exa-cel through a central venous catheter on Day 1.

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
CTX001BIOLOGICALAdministered by intravenous (IV) infusion following myeloablative conditioning with busulfan
Exa-celBIOLOGICALAdministered by IV infusion following myeloablative conditioning with busulfan.
Unlock Study Design Details

Eligibility Criteria

Age Range12 Years to 35 Years
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites6

Key Inclusion Criteria: * Participants with TDT and SCD: * Eligible for autologous stem cell transplant as per investigator's judgment. * Participants with TDT: * Diagnosis of TDT as defined by: * Documented homozygous β-thalassemia or compound heterozygous β-thalassemia including β-thalassemia/hem...

Countries:United StatesGermanyItalySaudi ArabiaCanadaUnited KingdomBelgiumFrance
Unlock Eligibility Criteria

Recent Changes (Last 90 Days)

MEDIUMOct 17, 2026NCT03745287TRIAL_REMOVED: changed
MEDIUMOct 17, 2026NCT03745287TRIAL_REMOVED: changed
MEDIUMOct 17, 2026NCT03745287TRIAL_REMOVED: changed
LOWAug 11, 2026NCT04208529lastUpdatePostDate: changed
LOWAug 11, 2026NCT04208529lastUpdatePostDate: changed

Frequently asked questions about Exa-cel

What is Exa-cel used for?

Exa-cel is being developed for the treatment of sickle cell disease, a hematological disorder. It is a cell therapy studied in patients with severe sickle cell disease. Development is being led by Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated under ticker VRTX.

Who makes Exa-cel?

Exa-cel is being developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, which trades under the ticker VRTX. The company is the sponsor of the clinical program evaluating the cell therapy in sickle cell disease.

What phase is Exa-cel in?

Exa-cel is in Phase 2 clinical development for sickle cell disease. It is an investigational cell therapy and has not been established as approved. The program includes one completed Phase 2 trial with 63 enrolled participants.

What clinical trials is Exa-cel in?

Exa-cel has been studied in the Phase 2 trial NCT03745287, titled A Safety and Efficacy Study Evaluating CTX001 in Subjects With Severe Sickle Cell Disease. The trial is completed, enrolled 63 participants aged 12 years and older, and ran in the United States, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom.

Is Exa-cel FDA approved?

Exa-cel is an investigational cell therapy in Phase 2 clinical development for sickle cell disease and is not established as approved. The program has received a PRIORITY_REVIEW FDA designation. Its single Phase 2 trial, NCT03745287, is completed.