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BNT162b1

Phase 2

SARS-CoV-2 Infection | Monoclonal antibody | Infectious Disease |BioNTech SE|Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

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Trial Design

RandomizedDouble-BlindPLACEBO_CONTROLLEDDMC
Total Trials1
Total Enrollment46,969

FDA Designations

No designations recorded

Clinical trial landscape

BNT162b1 · 2 trials · 3 indications

Phase 2 1Phase 1 1
NCT04368728Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of RNA Vaccine Candidates Against COVID-19 in Healthy IndividualsSARS-CoV-2 Infection
COMPLETED46,969 Analytics
PHASE2COMPLETED
Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of RNA Vaccine Candidates Against COVID-19 in Healthy Individuals
SARS-CoV-2 InfectionUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
Within 7 days after Dose 1

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an electronic diary (e-diary). Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 centimeter (cm). Redness and swelling were graded as mild (greater than \[\>\] 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
Within 7 days after Dose 2

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
Within 7 days after Dose 1

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 hours\[h\]), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
Within 7 days after Dose 2

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 1 Month After Dose 2: Phase 1
From Dose 1 to 1 Month After Dose 2

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. For BNT162b1 100 mcg, participants received one dose of 100 mcg, followed by one dose of 10 mcg.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2: Phase 1
From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2

An SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. For BNT162b1 100 mcg, participants received one dose of 100 mcg, followed by one dose of 10 mcg.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Hematology Parameters 1 Day After Dose 1: Phase 1
1 Day After Dose 1

Hematology parameters that were assessed included hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, Ery. mean corpuscular volume, Ery. mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Ery. mean corpuscular HGB concentration, platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: Hemoglobin : \<0.8x lower limit of normal (LLN), Hematocrit : \<0.8x LLN, Erythrocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Volume: \<0.9x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin : \<0.9x LLN Ery. Mean Corpuscular HGB Concentration : \<0.9x LLN, Platelets : \<0.5x LLN, Leukocytes : \<0.6x LLN, Lymphocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Neutrophils : \<0.8x LLN, Basophils: \>1.2x upper limit of normal (ULN), Eosinophils \>1.2x ULN, Monocytes \>1.2x ULN. Only parameters with abnormal values were reported in this outcome measure.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Hematology Parameters 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 1

Hematology parameters that were assessed included hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, Ery. mean corpuscular volume, Ery. mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Ery. mean corpuscular HGB concentration, platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: Hemoglobin : \<0.8x LLN, Hematocrit : \<0.8x LLN, Erythrocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Volume: \<0.9x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin : \<0.9x LLN Ery. Mean Corpuscular HGB Concentration : \<0.9x LLN, Platelets : \<0.5x LLN, Leukocytes : \<0.6x LLN, Lymphocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Neutrophils : \<0.8x LLN, Basophils: \>1.2x ULN, Eosinophils \>1.2x ULN, Monocytes \>1.2x ULN. Only parameters with abnormal values were reported in this outcome measure.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Hematology Parameters Before Dose 2: Phase 1
Before Dose 2

Hematology parameters that were assessed included hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, Ery. mean corpuscular volume, Ery. mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Ery. mean corpuscular HGB concentration, platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: Hemoglobin : \<0.8x LLN, Hematocrit : \<0.8x LLN, Erythrocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Volume: \<0.9x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin : \<0.9x LLN Ery. Mean Corpuscular HGB Concentration : \<0.9x LLN, Platelets : \<0.5x LLN, Leukocytes : \<0.6x LLN, Lymphocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Neutrophils : \<0.8x LLN, Basophils: \>1.2x ULN, Eosinophils \>1.2x ULN, Monocytes \>1.2x ULN. Only parameters with abnormal values were reported in this outcome measure.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Hematology Parameters 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 2

Hematology parameters that were assessed included hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, Ery. mean corpuscular volume, Ery. mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Ery. mean corpuscular HGB concentration, platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: Hemoglobin : \<0.8x LLN, Hematocrit : \<0.8x LLN, Erythrocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Volume: \<0.9x LLN, Ery. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin : \<0.9x LLN Ery. Mean Corpuscular HGB Concentration : \<0.9x LLN, Platelets : \<0.5x LLN, Leukocytes : \<0.6x LLN, Lymphocytes : \<0.8x LLN, Neutrophils : \<0.8x LLN, Basophils: \>1.2x ULN, Eosinophils \>1.2x ULN, Monocytes \>1.2x ULN. Only parameters with abnormal values were reported in this outcome measure.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Chemistry Parameters 1 Day After Dose 1: Phase 1
1 Day After Dose 1

Chemistry parameters that were assessed included bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea nitrogen, creatinine. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: bilirubin: \>1.5x ULN, AST: \>3.0x ULN, ALT: \>3.0x ULN, ALP: \>3.0x ULN, urea nitrogen: \>1.3x ULN, creatinine: \>1.3x ULN. Abnormal values reported for this outcome measure are for bilirubin.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Chemistry Parameters 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 1

Chemistry parameters that were assessed included bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, urea nitrogen, creatinine. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: bilirubin: \>1.5x ULN, AST: \>3.0x ULN, ALT: \>3.0x ULN, ALP: \>3.0x ULN, urea nitrogen: \>1.3x ULN, creatinine: \>1.3x ULN. Abnormal values reported for this outcome measure are for bilirubin.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Chemistry Parameters Before Dose 2: Phase 1
Before Dose 2

Chemistry parameters that were assessed included bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, urea nitrogen, creatinine. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: bilirubin: \>1.5x ULN, AST: \>3.0x ULN, ALT: \>3.0x ULN, ALP: \>3.0x ULN, urea nitrogen: \>1.3x ULN, creatinine: \>1.3x ULN. Abnormal values reported for this outcome measure are for bilirubin.

Percentage of Participants With Abnormalities in Chemistry Parameters 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 2

Chemistry parameters that were assessed included bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, urea nitrogen, creatinine. Abnormal parameters were determined by following criteria: bilirubin: \>1.5x ULN, AST: \>3.0x ULN, ALT: \>3.0x ULN, ALP: \>3.0x ULN, urea nitrogen: \>1.3x ULN, creatinine: \>1.3x ULN. Abnormal values reported for this outcome measure are for bilirubin.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Hematology Parameters 1 Day After Dose 1: Phase 1
1 Day After Dose 1

Percentage of participants with grade shift in hematology parameters reported in this outcome measure. Grade(G)1: Mild, G2:Moderate, G3:Severe, G4:potentially life threatening. Hemoglobin(Female): G1: 11.0 - 12.0grams per deciliter(g/dL), G2: 9.5 - 10.9, G3: 8.0 - 9.4, G4: \<8.0. Hemoglobin(Male): G1: 12.5 - 13.5, G2: 10.5 - 12.4, G3: 8.5 - 10.4, G4: \<8.5. WBC decrease(cells/mm3):G1: 2,500 - 3,500, G2: 1,500 - 2,499, G3: 1,000 - 1,499, G4: \<1,000 Lymphocytes decrease(cells/mm3): G1: 750 - 1,000, G2: 500 - 749, G3: 250 - 499, G4: \<250. Eosinophils(cells/mm3):G1: 650 - 1500, G2: 1501 - 5000, G3: \>5000, G4:Hypereosinophilic. Platelets decreased(cells/mm3): G1: 125,000 - 140,000, G2: 100,000 - 124,000, G3: 25,000 - 99,000, G4: \<25,000. Urea Nitrogen (mg/dl): G1: 23-26; G2:27-31; G3: \>31; G4: requires dialysis. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Hematology Parameters 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 1

Percentage of participants with grade shift in hematology parameters reported in this outcome measure. Grade(G)1: Mild, G2:Moderate, G3:Severe, G4:potentially life threatening. Hemoglobin(Female): G1: 11.0 - 12.0grams per deciliter(g/dL), G2: 9.5 - 10.9, G3: 8.0 - 9.4, G4: \<8.0. Hemoglobin(Male): G1: 12.5 - 13.5, G2: 10.5 - 12.4, G3: 8.5 - 10.4, G4: \<8.5. WBC decrease(cells/mm3):G1: 2,500 - 3,500, G2: 1,500 - 2,499, G3: 1,000 - 1,499, G4: \<1,000 Lymphocytes decrease(cells/mm3): G1: 750 - 1,000, G2: 500 - 749, G3: 250 - 499, G4: \<250. Eosinophils(cells/mm3):G1: 650 - 1500, G2: 1501 - 5000, G3: \>5000, G4:Hypereosinophilic. Platelets decreased(cells/mm3): G1: 125,000 - 140,000, G2: 100,000 - 124,000, G3: 25,000 - 99,000, G4: \<25,000. Urea Nitrogen (mg/dl): G1: 23-26; G2:27-31; G3: \>31; G4: requires dialysis. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Hematology Parameters Before Dose 2: Phase 1
Before Dose 2

Percentage of participants with grade shift in hematology parameters reported in this outcome measure. Grade(G)1: Mild, G2:Moderate, G3:Severe, G4:potentially life threatening. Hemoglobin(Female): G1: 11.0 - 12.0grams per deciliter(g/dL), G2: 9.5 - 10.9, G3: 8.0 - 9.4, G4: \<8.0. Hemoglobin(Male): G1: 12.5 - 13.5, G2: 10.5 - 12.4, G3: 8.5 - 10.4, G4: \<8.5. WBC decrease(cells/mm3):G1: 2,500 - 3,500, G2: 1,500 - 2,499, G3: 1,000 - 1,499, G4: \<1,000 Lymphocytes decrease(cells/mm3): G1: 750 - 1,000, G2: 500 - 749, G3: 250 - 499, G4: \<250. Eosinophils(cells/mm3):G1: 650 - 1500, G2: 1501 - 5000, G3: \>5000, G4:Hypereosinophilic. Platelets decreased(cells/mm3): G1: 125,000 - 140,000, G2: 100,000 - 124,000, G3: 25,000 - 99,000, G4: \<25,000. Urea Nitrogen (mg/dl): G1: 23-26; G2:27-31; G3: \>31; G4: requires dialysis. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Hematology Parameters 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 2

Percentage of participants with grade shift in hematology parameters reported in this outcome measure. Grade(G)1: Mild, G2:Moderate, G3:Severe, G4:potentially life threatening. Hemoglobin(Female): G1: 11.0 - 12.0grams per deciliter(g/dL), G2: 9.5 - 10.9, G3: 8.0 - 9.4, G4: \<8.0. Hemoglobin(Male): G1: 12.5 - 13.5, G2: 10.5 - 12.4, G3: 8.5 - 10.4, G4: \<8.5. WBC decrease(cells/mm3):G1: 2,500 - 3,500, G2: 1,500 - 2,499, G3: 1,000 - 1,499, G4: \<1,000 Lymphocytes decrease(cells/mm3): G1: 750 - 1,000, G2: 500 - 749, G3: 250 - 499, G4: \<250. Eosinophils(cells/mm3):G1: 650 - 1500, G2: 1501 - 5000, G3: \>5000, G4:Hypereosinophilic. Platelets decreased(cells/mm3): G1: 125,000 - 140,000, G2: 100,000 - 124,000, G3: 25,000 - 99,000, G4: \<25,000. Urea Nitrogen (mg/dl): G1: 23-26; G2:27-31; G3: \>31; G4: requires dialysis. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Chemistry Parameters 1 Day After Dose 1: Phase 1
1 Day After Dose 1

Percentage of participants with grade shift in chemistry were reported in this outcome measure. G1: Mild, G2: Moderate, G3: Severe, G4: potentially life threatening. BUN(milligram per deciliter \[mg/dL\]): G1: 23 - 26, G2: 27 - 31, G3: \>31, G4: required dialysis. Creatinine(mg/dL): G1: 1.5 - 1.7, G2: 1.8 - 2.0, G3: 2.1 - 2.5, G4: \> 2.5 or required dialysis. Alkaline phosphate(increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.0 x ULN G2: 2.1 - 3.0 x ULN G3: 3.1 -10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Liver function tests(ALT, AST increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.5 x ULN G2: 2.6 - 5.0 x ULN G3: 5.1 - 10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Bilirubin(when accompanied by any increase in liver function test - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.25 x ULN G2: 1.26 - 1.5 x ULN G3: 1.51 - 1.75 x ULN, G4: \>1.75 x ULN. Bilirubin(when liver function test is normal - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.5 x ULN, G2: 1.6 - 2.0 x ULN, G3: 2.0 - 3.0 x ULN, G4: \>3.0 x ULN. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Chemistry Parameters 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 1

Percentage of participants with grade shift in chemistry were reported in this outcome measure. G1: Mild, G2: Moderate, G3: Severe, G4: potentially life threatening. BUN(mg/dL): G1: 23 - 26, G2: 27 - 31, G3: \>31, G4: required dialysis. Creatinine(mg/dL): G1: 1.5 - 1.7, G2: 1.8 - 2.0, G3: 2.1 - 2.5, G4: \> 2.5 or required dialysis. Alkaline phosphate(increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.0 x ULN G2: 2.1 - 3.0 x ULN G3: 3.1 -10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Liver function tests(ALT, AST increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.5 x ULN G2: 2.6 - 5.0 x ULN G3: 5.1 - 10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Bilirubin(when accompanied by any increase in liver function test - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.25 x ULN G2: 1.26 - 1.5 x ULN G3: 1.51 - 1.75 x ULN, G4: \>1.75 x ULN. Bilirubin(when liver function test is normal - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.5 x ULN, G2: 1.6 - 2.0 x ULN, G3: 2.0 - 3.0 x ULN, G4: \>3.0 x ULN. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Chemistry Parameters Before Dose 2: Phase 1
Before Dose 2

Percentage of participants with grade shift in chemistry were reported in this outcome measure. G1: Mild, G2: Moderate, G3: Severe, G4: potentially life threatening. BUN(mg/dL): G1: 23 - 26, G2: 27 - 31, G3: \>31, G4: required dialysis. Creatinine(mg/dL): G1: 1.5 - 1.7, G2: 1.8 - 2.0, G3: 2.1 - 2.5, G4: \> 2.5 or required dialysis. Alkaline phosphate(increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.0 x ULN G2: 2.1 - 3.0 x ULN G3: 3.1 -10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Liver function tests(ALT, AST increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.5 x ULN G2: 2.6 - 5.0 x ULN G3: 5.1 - 10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Bilirubin(when accompanied by any increase in liver function test - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.25 x ULN G2: 1.26 - 1.5 x ULN G3: 1.51 - 1.75 x ULN, G4: \>1.75 x ULN. Bilirubin(when liver function test is normal - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.5 x ULN, G2: 1.6 - 2.0 x ULN, G3: 2.0 - 3.0 x ULN, G4: \>3.0 x ULN. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Grade Shift in Chemistry Parameters 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 1
7 Days After Dose 2

Percentage of participants with grade shift in chemistry were reported in this outcome measure. G1: Mild, G2: Moderate, G3: Severe, G4: potentially life threatening. BUN(mg/dL): G1: 23 - 26, G2: 27 - 31, G3: \>31, G4: required dialysis. Creatinine(mg/dL): G1: 1.5 - 1.7, G2: 1.8 - 2.0, G3: 2.1 - 2.5, G4: \> 2.5 or required dialysis. Alkaline phosphate(increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.0 x ULN G2: 2.1 - 3.0 x ULN G3: 3.1 -10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Liver function tests(ALT, AST increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 2.5 x ULN G2: 2.6 - 5.0 x ULN G3: 5.1 - 10 x ULN, G4: \>10 x ULN. Bilirubin(when accompanied by any increase in liver function test - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.25 x ULN G2: 1.26 - 1.5 x ULN G3: 1.51 - 1.75 x ULN, G4: \>1.75 x ULN. Bilirubin(when liver function test is normal - increase by factor): G1: 1.1 - 1.5 x ULN, G2: 1.6 - 2.0 x ULN, G3: 2.0 - 3.0 x ULN, G4: \>3.0 x ULN. Only parameters where grade shift was observed were reported.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 2/3
Within 7 Days after Dose 1

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2/3
Within 7 Days after Dose 2

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 2/3
Within 7 Days after Dose 1

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2/3
Within 7 Days after Dose 2

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 1 Month After Dose 2: Phase 2/3
From Dose 1 to 1 Month After Dose 2

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2: Phase 2/3
From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2

An SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 2
Within 7 Days after Dose 1

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2
Within 7 Days after Dose 2

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 1: Phase 2
Within 7 Days after Dose 1

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2
Within 7 Days After Dose 2

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization).

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2
From Dose 1 to 7 Days After Dose 2

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 7 Days After Dose 2: Phase 2
From Dose 1 to 7 Days After Dose 2

A SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Booster Dose: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose
Within 7 Days After Booster Dose

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 1: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose
Within 7 Days After Booster Dose

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From First Booster Dose to 1 Month After Booster Dose: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose
From First Booster Dose to 1 Month After Booster Dose

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From First Booster Dose to 6 Months After Booster Dose: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose
From First Booster Dose to 6 Months After Booster Dose

A SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 1: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 1

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 2: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days after Booster Dose 2

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 1: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 1

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 2: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Booster Dose 2

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From First Booster Dose to 1 Month After Second Booster Dose: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
From First Booster Dose to 1 Month After Second Booster Dose

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From First Booster Dose to 5 Months After Second Booster Dose: BNT162b2 Experienced Participants Assigned to Receive 2 Booster Doses of BNT162b2SA
From First Booster Dose to 5 Months After Second Booster Dose

An SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 1: BNT162b2 Naive Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Dose 1

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Dose 2: BNT162b2 Naive Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Dose 2

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 1: BNT162b2 Naive Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Dose 1

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Dose 2: BNT162b2 Naive Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
Within 7 Days After Dose 2

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 1 Month After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Naïve Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
From Dose 1 Through 1 Month After Dose 2

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Naïve Participants Who Were Enrolled to Receive BNT162b2SA
From Dose 1 to 6 Months After Dose 2

A SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Local Reactions Within 7 Days After Booster Dose: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose of BNT162b2 (Lower Dose)
Within 7 days After Booster Dose

Local reactions included redness, swelling and, pain at the injection site, recorded by participants in an e-diary. Redness and swelling were measured and recorded in measuring device units. 1 measuring device unit =0.5 cm. Redness and swelling were graded as mild (\> 2.0 to 5.0 cm), moderate (\> 5.0 to 10.0 cm), severe (\>10.0 cm) and Grade 4 (necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis for redness and necrosis for swelling). Pain at injection site was graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (interferes with activity), severe (prevents daily activity) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants With Systemic Events Within 7 Days After Booster Dose: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose of BNT162b2 (Lower Dose)
Within 7 days After Booster Dose

Systemic events included fever, fatigue, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain recorded by participants or parents/legal guardians of participants using e-diary. Fever=temperature \>=38.0 deg C categorized as \>=38.0 to 38.4, \>38.4 to 38.9, \>38.9 to 40.0 and \>40.0 deg C. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain graded as mild (does not interfere with activity), moderate (some interference with activity), severe (prevents daily routine activity), Grade 4 (Emergency room visit/hospitalization). Vomiting: mild (1-2 times in 24 h), moderate (\>2 times in 24 h), severe (requires IV hydration), Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization for hypotensive shock). Diarrhea: mild (2-3 loose stools in 24h), moderate (4-5 loose stools in 24 h), severe (\>=6 loose stools in 24 h) and Grade 4 (emergency room visit/hospitalization). HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Adverse Events From Booster Dose to 1 Month After Booster Dose: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose of BNT162b2 (Lower Dose)
From Booster Dose to 1 Months After Booster Dose

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. HIV positive participants were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events From Booster Dose to 6 Months After Booster Dose: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants Who Were Rerandomized to Receive 1 Booster Dose of BNT162b2 (Lower Dose)
From Booster Dose to 6 Months after Booster Dose

A SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that occurred, at any dose: resulted in death; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; was life-threatening; resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other important medical events. HIV positive participants were excluded.

COVID-19 Incidence Based on Central Laboratory or Locally Confirmed Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) in Participants Without Serological or Virological Evidence: Phase 2/3
From 7 days after Dose 2 (Surveillance time [1000 person-years]: BNT162b2 - 6.247, Placebo - 6.003)

Occurrences of first COVID-19 infection in participants followed up based on central laboratory or locally confirmed NAAT in participants, without serological or virological evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported in this outcome measure. HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

COVID-19 Incidence Based on Central Laboratory or Locally Confirmed Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) in Participants Without Serological or Virological Evidence: Phase 2/3 (Analysis for EUA)
From 7 days after Dose 2 (Surveillance time [1000 person-years]: BNT162b2 - 2.214, Placebo - 2.222)

Occurrences of first COVID-19 infection in participants followed up based on central laboratory or locally confirmed NAAT in participants, without serological or virological evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (analysis for EUA) were reported in this outcome measure.

COVID-19 Incidence Based on Central Laboratory or Locally Confirmed Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) in Participants With or Without Serological or Virological Evidence: Phase 2/3
From 7 days after Dose 2 (Surveillance time [1000 person-years]: BNT162b2 - 6.509, Placebo - 6.274)

Occurrences of first COVID-19 infection in participants followed up based on central laboratory or locally confirmed NAAT in participants, with or without serological or virological evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported in this outcome measure.

COVID-19 Incidence Based on Central Laboratory or Locally Confirmed Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) in Participants With or Without Serological or Virological Evidence: Phase 2/3 (Analysis for EUA)
From 7 days after Dose 2 (Surveillance time [1000 person-years]: BNT162b2 - 2.332, Placebo - 2.345)

Occurrences of first COVID-19 infection in participants followed up based on central laboratory or locally confirmed NAAT in participants, with or without serological or virological evidence (analysis for EUA) of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported in this outcome measure. HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

GMR Based on Geometric Mean Titer (N1a) - Comparison of 1 Month After Dose 2 Between Vaccine Groups: BNT162b2-Naïve Participants Without Evidence of Infection (N1a) up to 1 Month After Dose 2: Phase 3
1 Month After Dose 2

GMR based on geometric mean titer, comparison of 1 month after dose 2 between vaccine groups: BNT162b2-naive participants without evidence of infection up to 1 month after dose 2 were reported in this outcome measure. HIV positive participants excluded from this analysis.

Percentage Difference of Participants Achieving Seroresponse Comparison (N1b) of 1 Month After Dose 2 Between Vaccine Groups: BNT162b2-Naïve Participants Without Evidence of Infection up to 1 Month After Dose 2: Phase 3
1 Month After Dose 2

Seroresponse was defined as achieving a \>=4-fold rise from baseline (before Dose 1). If the baseline measurement was below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), a post vaccination assay result \>=4 × LLOQ was considered a seroresponse. HIV positive participants excluded.

GMR of Neutralizing Titers (E1a) - Comparison of 1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants That Received a Booster Dose of BNT162b2: Phase 3
1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2

GMR based on geometric mean titer, comparison of 1 month after booster dose to 1 month after dose 2 for BNT162b2-experienced participants were reported in this outcome measure. HIV positive participants excluded from this analysis.

Percentage Difference of Participants Achieving Seroresponse (E1b) - Comparison of 1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants That Received a Booster Dose of BNT162b2: Phase 3
1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2

Percentage difference of participants achieving seroresponse - comparison of 1 month after booster dose to 1 month after Dose 2 BNT162b2-experienced participants without evidence of infection up to 1 month after booster dose who were rerandomized to receive 1 booster dose were reported in this outcome measure. Seroresponse was defined as achieving a \>=4-fold rise from baseline (before Dose 1). If the baseline measurement was below the LLOQ, a postvaccination assay result \>=4 × LLOQ was considered a seroresponse. HIV positive participants excluded.

GMR of Neutralizing Titers (E2a) - Comparison of 1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants: Phase 3
1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2

GMR of neutralizing titers (E2a) for comparison of 1 month after booster dose to 1 month after dose 2: BNT162b2-experienced participants in Phase 3 were reported in this outcome measure. HIV positive participants were excluded from this analysis.

Percentage Difference of Participants Achieving Seroresponse (E2b) - Comparison of 1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2: BNT162b2-Experienced Participants: Phase 3
1 Month After Booster Dose to 1 Month After Dose 2

Percentage difference of participants achieving seroresponse - comparison of 1 month after booster dose to 1 month after Dose 2 BNT162b2-experienced participants without evidence of infection up to 1 month after booster dose who were rerandomized to receive 1 booster dose were reported in this outcome measure. Seroresponse was defined as achieving a \>=4-fold rise from baseline (before Dose 1). If the baseline measurement was below the LLOQ, a postvaccination assay result \>=4 × LLOQ was considered a seroresponse. HIV positive participants excluded.

Number of Participants With Solicited Local Adverse Events (AEs) (e.g., Injection Site Pain, Redness, Induration, Swelling) Recorded up to 14 Days After Each Dose of BNT162b1 or Placebo.
Up to 14 days following each dose administration

Solicited local AEs were collected within 7 days/14 days after each vaccination. For the grading of AEs, a 7-day period AE assessment after each dose as graded by United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria along with the 14-day period AE assessment as graded by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) criteria are used to evaluate solicited AEs. For other AEs, only the NMPA criteria is used. The "solicited" AEs were pre-defined and listed in the subjects' diaries. All the solicited local AEs occurred within 7 days after vaccination were related to investigational vaccine (or placebo).

Number of Participants With Solicited Systemic AEs (e.g., e.g., Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Headache, Fatigue, Myalgia, Arthralgia, Chills, Loss of Appetite, Malaise, and Fever) Recorded up to 14 Days After Each Dose of BNT162b1 or Placebo.
Up to 14 days following each dose administration

Solicited systemic AEs were collected within 7 days/14 days after each vaccination. For the grading of AEs, a 7-day period AE assessment after each dose as graded by US FDA criteria along with the 14-day period AE assessment as graded by NMPA criteria are used to evaluate solicited AEs. For other AEs, only the NMPA criteria is used. The "solicited" AEs were pre-defined and listed in the subjects' diaries. Except for 1 event (myalgia) occurred in 10 µg group and 1 event (diarrhea) occurred in placebo group, all the solicited systemic AEs occurred within 7 days after vaccination were related to investigational vaccine (or placebo). All the solicited systemic AEs occurred within 14 days after vaccination were related to investigational vaccine (or placebo), except for 1 event (myalgia) occurred in placebo group and 2 events (both diarrhea; 1 event occurred in 30 µg group, 1 event occurred in placebo group).

Number of Participants With Unsolicited Vaccine Related AEs During the 21-day Period After Dose 1 of BNT162b1 or Placebo.
21-day period after dose 1 vaccination

AEs occurred during the 21-day period after dose 1 were also referred as "unsolicited" AEs. The unsolicited AEs were not pre-defined in the subjects' diaries.

Number of Participants With Unsolicited Vaccine Related AEs During the 28-day Period After Dose 2 of BNT162b1 or Placebo.
28-day period after dose 2 vaccination

AEs occurred during the 28-day period after dose 2 were also referred as "unsolicited" AEs. The unsolicited AEs were not pre-defined in the subjects' diaries.

Secondary Endpoints

Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralizing Titers: Phase 1
7, 21 days after Dose 1; 7, 14 days and 1, 6 months after Dose 2
Geometric Mean Concentrations (GMCs) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: S1-binding and RBD-binding IgG Level Assay: Phase 1
7, 21 days after Dose 1; 7, 14 days and 1, 6 months after Dose 2
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Titers: Phase 1
7, 21 days after Dose 1; 7, 14 days and 1, 6 months after Dose 2
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Study Design & Arms

AllocationRANDOMIZED
MaskingTRIPLE
ModelPARALLEL
PurposePREVENTION

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
10 µg dose, 18-55 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
20 µg dose, 18-55 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
30 µg dose, 18-55 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
10 µg dose, 65-85 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
20 µg dose, 65-85 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
30 µg dose, 65-85 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
30 µg dose, ≥12 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
Placebo, 18-55 years of agePLACEBO_COMPARATOR -
Placebo, 65-85 years of agePLACEBO_COMPARATOR -
Placebo, ≥12 years of agePLACEBO_COMPARATOR -
100 µg dose, 18-55 years of age (2 doses)EXPERIMENTAL -
Vaccination of Placebo recipients with BNT162b2 - Stage 1OTHERParticipants ≥16 years of age who originally received placebo and are eligible for COVID-19 vaccination following any local or national recommendations will be offered the opportunity to receive BNT162b2 as part of the study.
Vaccination of placebo recipients with BNT162b2 - Stage 2OTHERParticipants ≥16 years of age who originally received placebo will be offered the opportunity to receive BNT162b2 at defined points as part of the study.
Booster vaccination of Phase 1 participants with BNT162b2 at a dose of 30 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Booster vaccination of Phase 3 participants with BNT162b2 at a dose of 30 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Booster vaccination of Phase 3 participants with BNT162b2SA at a dose of 30 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Vaccination of BNT162b2-naive participants with BNT162b2SA at a dose of 30 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Booster and further vaccination of Phase 3 participants with BNT162b2SA at a dose of 30 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Booster vaccination of Phase 3 participants with BNT162b2 at a dose of 5 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Booster vaccination of Phase 3 participants with BNT162b2 at a dose of 10 µgEXPERIMENTAL -
Low-dose, 18-55 years of ageEXPERIMENTAL -
High-dose, 18-55 years of ageEXPERIMENTAL -
Low-dose, 65-85 years of ageEXPERIMENTAL -
High-dose, 65-85 years of ageEXPERIMENTAL -

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
BNT162b1BIOLOGICALIntramuscular injection
BNT162b2BIOLOGICALIntramuscular injection
PlaceboOTHERIntramuscular injection
BNT162b2SABIOLOGICALIntramuscular injection
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Eligibility Criteria

Age Range12 Years to N/A
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersYes
Study Sites175

Inclusion Criteria: • Male or female participants between the ages of 18 and 55 years, inclusive, 65 and 85 years, inclusive, or ≥12 years, inclusive, at randomization (dependent upon study phase). For the boostability and protection-against-VOCs subset: Existing participants enrolled to receive a ...

Countries:United StatesArgentinaBrazilGermanySouth AfricaTurkey (Türkiye)China
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Frequently asked questions about BNT162b1

What is BNT162b1 used for?

BNT162b1 is an investigational mRNA vaccine candidate being studied for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. It is in clinical development for use in healthy individuals, including those aged 12 years and older, to generate an immune response against the virus.

What does BNT162b1 target?

BNT162b1 is an mRNA-based vaccine that encodes the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. It is designed to elicit an immune response against the virus that causes COVID-19, though specific molecular target details are not provided.

Who makes BNT162b1?

BNT162b1 is being developed by BioNTech SE, a biotechnology company traded on the Nasdaq under the ticker BNTX. The vaccine candidate is part of BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine program and has been studied in clinical trials.

What phase is BNT162b1 in?

BNT162b1 has completed Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials. It is an investigational vaccine candidate and is not FDA approved. The trials have been completed, and the vaccine is no longer in active clinical development.

What clinical trials is BNT162b1 in?

BNT162b1 was studied in two completed clinical trials. NCT04368728 was a Phase 2 study with 46,969 participants across multiple countries, and NCT04523571 was a Phase 1 study with 144 participants in China. Both trials evaluated safety and immunogenicity.

Is BNT162b1 the same as BNT162b2?

BNT162b1 is a distinct vaccine candidate from BNT162b2. While both are mRNA vaccines developed by BioNTech for COVID-19, BNT162b1 encodes the receptor-binding domain, whereas BNT162b2 encodes the full spike protein. BNT162b2 is the authorized vaccine, while BNT162b1 remains investigational.