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ALTO-100

Phase 2

Major Depressive Disorder | Small molecule | Psychiatry |Alto Neuroscience, Inc.|Last Updated: Sep 8, 2025

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Trial Design
RandomizedDouble-BlindPLACEBO_CONTROLLED
Total Trials3
Total Enrollment567
FDA Designations
No designations recorded
Clinical trial landscape

ALTO-100 · 4 trials · 3 indications

Phase 2 4
NCT06656416ALTO-100 in Bipolar Disorder With Depression (BD-D)Bipolar Disorder I or II With a Major Depressive Episode
RECRUITING200 Analytics
NCT05712187Phase 2b Study of ALTO-100 in MDDMajor Depressive Disorder
COMPLETED301 Analytics
NCT05419869Pilot Decentralized TrialMajor Depressive Disorder
COMPLETED21 Analytics
NCT05117632ALTO-100 in MDD and/or PTSDMajor Depressive Disorder
COMPLETED245 Analytics
PHASE2RECRUITING
ALTO-100 in Bipolar Disorder With Depression (BD-D)
Bipolar Disorder I or II With a Major Depressive EpisodeUnlock trial analytics
PHASE2COMPLETED
Phase 2b Study of ALTO-100 in MDD
Major Depressive DisorderUnlock trial analytics
PHASE2COMPLETED
Pilot Decentralized Trial
Major Depressive DisorderUnlock trial analytics
PHASE2COMPLETED
ALTO-100 in MDD and/or PTSD
Major Depressive DisorderUnlock trial analytics
Study Endpoints
Primary Endpoints
To assess efficacy of ALTO-100 versus placebo on depression symptoms in bipolar disorder in a pre-defined subgroup of participants as measured by the mean change from Day 1 to Week 6 on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score
Change assessed from Day 1 to Week 6

MADRS is a clinician-administered scale designed to measure depression severity and detects changes due to antidepressant treatment. The MADRS evaluates the following 10 items: apparent sadness, reported sadness, inner tension, reduced sleep, reduced appetite, concentration difficulties, lassitude, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, and suicidal thoughts. Each item is scored from 0 (item not present or normal) to 6 (severe or continuous presence of the symptoms), for a total possible score of 60. Higher scores represent a more severe condition.

To assess efficacy of ALTO-100 versus placebo on symptoms of MDD in a pre-defined subgroup of participants as measured by the change from Day 1 to Week 6 on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score.
Change assessed from Day 1 to Week 6

MADRS is a clinician-administered scale designed to measure depression severity and detects changes due to antidepressant treatment. The MADRS evaluates the following 10 items: apparent sadness, reported sadness, inner tension, reduced sleep, reduced appetite, concentration difficulties, lassitude, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, and suicidal thoughts. Each item is scored from 0 (item not present or normal) to 6 (severe or continuous presence of the symptoms), for a total possible score of 60. Higher scores represent a more severe condition.

To understand the relationship between baseline biology and score change in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) with ALTO-100 from start of dosing to end of treatment
Measured at Day 1, Day 14, Day 28, Day 42, Day 56

The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) measures the severity of depression where smaller scores indicate less depression and higher scores suggest more severe depression. Possible scores for this 10 item version range from 0 to 60. The score change from the start of dosing (Day 1) to the end of treatment (Day 56) is the primary outcome.

To understand the relationship between baseline biology and score change in the Clinical Global Impression scale - Severity (CGI-S) with ALTO-100 from Screening to end of treatment
Measured at Screening, Day 1, Day 14, Day 28, Day 42, Day 56

The Clinical Global Impression scale - Severity (CGI-S) measures the severity of psychopathology in general where smaller scores indicate less illness and higher scores suggest more severe illness. Possible scores for this scale range from 1 to 7. The score change from Screening (Day \[-21\]) to the end of treatment (Day 56) is the primary outcome.

Number of Participants with Adverse Events (AEs) as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability of ALTO-100
From the signing of the ICF until the follow-up visit (up to 13 weeks)

An adverse event is any untoward medical event that occurs in a participant administered an investigational product, and it does not necessarily indicate only events with clear causal relationship with the relevant investigational product.

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Laboratory Abnormalities as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability of ALTO-100
From the signing of the ICF until the end-of-treatment visit (up to 13 weeks)

Blood samples for serum chemistry and hematology will be collected for clinical laboratory testing.

To understand the relationship between baseline biology and clinical outcome with ALTO-100 using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
Measured 5 times over 8 weeks

The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) measures the severity of depression where smaller scores indicate less depression and higher scores suggest more severe depression. Possible scores for this 10 item version range from 0 to 60. The change from baseline to the end of the study is the primary outcome.

To understand the relationship between baseline biology and clinical outcome with ALTO-100 using the Clinical Global Impression scale - Severity (CGI-S)
Measured 5 times over 8 weeks

The Clinical Global Impression scale - Severity (CGI-S) measures the severity of psychopathology in general where smaller scores indicate less illness and higher scores suggest more severe illness. Possible scores for this scale range from 1 to 7. The change from baseline to the end of the study is the primary outcome.

To understand the relationship between baseline biology and clinical outcome with ALTO-100 using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5)
Measured 3 times over 8 weeks

The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) measures the severity of PTSD where smaller scores indicate less severe PTSD and higher scores suggest more severe PTSD. Possible scores for this 30 item version range from 0 to 120. The change from baseline to the end of the study is the primary outcome.

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Vital Signs Abnormalities as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability of ALTO-100
From the signing of the ICF until the end-of-treatment visit (up to 11 weeks)

Vital signs measured include blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and weight.

Secondary Endpoints
To assess efficacy of ALTO-100 vs placebo for self-reported depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder patients in a pre- defined subgroup of participants as measured by the change from Day 1 to Week 6 in Patient Health Questionnaire, 9 item (PHQ-9)
Assessed 4 times over a 6-week interval, from Day 1 to Week 6
To assess efficacy of ALTO-100 vs placebo in severity of bipolar disorder symptoms in a pre-defined subgroup of participants as measured by the change from Day 1 to Week 6 in Clinician Global Impression Scale-severity (CGI-S)
Assessed 4 times over a 6-week interval, from Day 1 to Week 6
To assess efficacy of ALTO-100 vs placebo for depressive symptoms in MDD in a pre-defined subgroup as measured by the change from Day 1 to Week 6 in response (>50% improvement from baseline) and remission (total score of <10) rates based on MADRS
Assessed 4 times over a 6-week interval, from Day 1 to Week 6
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Study Design & Arms
AllocationRANDOMIZED
MaskingQUADRUPLE
ModelPARALLEL
PurposeTREATMENT
Treatment Arms
ArmTypeDescription
ALTO-100EXPERIMENTALParticipants will receive ALTO-100 40 mg tablet twice daily, from Day 1 to Week 6 in the double blind (DB) treatment period. Eligible participants who enter the open label (OL) treatment period will receive ALTO-100 40 mg tablet twice daily from OL baseline until the end of OL period/early termination visit (Up to 7 weeks).
Placebo DBPLACEBO_COMPARATORParticipants will receive matching placebo tablet twice daily, from Day 1 to Week 6 in the double blind (DB) treatment period.
Interventions
NameTypeDescription
ALTO-100DRUGALTO-100 40 mg tablet BID
PlaceboDRUGPlacebo tablet BID
ALTO-100 PO TabletDRUGTwo tablets daily
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Eligibility Criteria
Age Range18 Years to 70 Years
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites27

Inclusion Criteria: * Have a diagnosis of BD-I or BD-II as well as BD-D * At baseline, taking a mood stabilizer, lithium (LI) or lamotrigine (LMG) or valproic acid (VPA, any form) or combination of Li + LMG or Li + VPA and/or taking an approved atypical antipsychotic medication (olanzapine, quetiap...

Countries:United States
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Recent Changes (Last 90 Days)
LOWMay 26, 2026NCT06656416primaryCompletionDate: changed
LOWMay 24, 2026NCT06656416studyFirstPostDate: changed