Ezogabine: USAN Retigabine

An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. An SAE is any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose results in death, is life-threatening, requires hospitalization (unplanned hospital stay) or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity or is a congenital anomaly/birth defect. Treatment-emergent AE was defined as an AE with an onset on or after the day of first dose of the study medication and on or before 30 days after the last dose date. AEs reported during parent study and worsened after first dose of RTG in this OLE study were also reported.

Treatment-emergent AE was defined as an AE with an onset on or after the day of first dose of the study medication and on or before 30 days after the last dose date. AEs reported during parent study and worsened after first dose of RTG in this OLE study were also reported.

The time frame of premature study discontinuation was defined as the time from the day of first the study medication to the time of withdrawal from study drug. For those who have a taper dose start date, the time of withdrawal was the day before the start of taper dose. For those without a taper dose start date, the time of withdrawal was the last dose date. Participants who switched to the commercial product were censored at the last dose of study drug in the Kaplan-Meier analysis. All participants who withdrew from study drug prematurely but didn't switch to commercial product were counted as "events". Kaplan-Meier estimate of the probability of discontinuation at the specified time or earlier. Number of Participants continuing on RTG at each time of withdrawal were analyzed (represented as n=X in category title).

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was obtained in supine (Su) position and again in standing (St) position after the participant was standing for approximately 2 minutes at each study visit (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12). Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). Not Applicable (NA) indicates that data were not available.

Heart rate (HR) was measured in supine (Su) position and again in standing (St) position after the participant was standing for approximately 2 minutes at each study visit (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12). Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Body temperature was measured in degree Celsius at each study visit (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12). Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available

Weight was measured in ordinary indoor clothing (without shoes) and was recorded at each study visit (On Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12). Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

A 12-lead ECG was performed at each study visit during the first year of the study (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12) and annually after one year. The following electrocardiogram parameters are presented PR Interval, QRS Duration, Uncorrected QT interval (uQT), Corrected QT (Bazett's correction) interval (QTcB), Corrected QT (Friedericia's correction) interval (QTcF). Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

A 12-lead ECG was performed at each study visit during the first year of the study (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12) and annually after one year. The following electrocardiogram parameters are presented: RR Interval. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles).

A 12-lead ECG was performed at each study visit during the first year of the study (Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12) and annually after one year. ECG parameter QRS Axis is presented here. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles).

Following hematology parameters were assessed, Bands (Band neutrophils), Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Metamyelocyte, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Platelets and WBC. Hematology parameters were assessed at Month 1, Month 2, Month 3, Month 6, Month 8, Month 9, Month 10, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Red Blood Cell count (RBC) was assessed at Month 1, Month 2, Month 3, Month 6, Month 8, Month 9, Month 10, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available..

Haematocrit was assessed at Month 1, Month 2, Month 3, Month 6, Month 8, Month 9, Month 10, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles).

Haemoglobin was assessed at Month 1, Month 2, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 8, Month 9, Month 10, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available..

Alkaline phosphatase (AP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Bicarbonate (Bic.), BUN, Calcium (Ca), Chloride (Cl), Cholesterol (Cho.), Non-fasting glucose (NFG), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (Ka), Sodium (Na), Urea were assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Creatinine, Total bilirubin (TB), Uric acid (UA) were assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Total Protein (TP) was assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles)

Urine Specific gravity (USG) was assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Urine pH was assessed at Month 1, Month 3, , Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). NA indicates that data were not available.

Post-void residual (PVR) bladder was assessed using ultrasound scan to assess urinary retention at Month 1, Month 3, Month 12 and annually after Month 12. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles)

An AUA Symptom Index is a 7-item Likert-scored scale describing urinary bladder function and was completed by the Investigator to assess the participant's urinary voiding function at Month 1, Month 3, Month 12 and annually after Month 12. The index scale ranges from 0-35, where higher scores are indicative of a worse issue. Scores are categorized as 0-7 mild, 8-19 moderate and \>19 severe. Baseline assessment in this study is defined as the last assessment for the endpoint in parent study taken prior to the first active treatment with Retigabine. Change from Baseline was calculated as post-Baseline value minus Baseline value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles)

A complete physical examination was performed at the end of each 12 month study cycle. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). If a participant had an abnormal result for at least one body system of exam, that participant was included in the 'Abnormal' category

Participants were assessed at Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12 and every 4 months after Month 12. Participants in the worst category among the results of all neurological examination parameters are presented. Abnormal results were categorised as Abnormal not Clinically Significant (AbNCS)and Abnormal and Clinically Significant (AbCS). Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles)

The ophthalmologist/retina specialist determined the presence or absence of abnormal discoloration of all non-retinal ocular tissues. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed.

The ophthalmologist/retina specialist determined the presence or absence of abnormal discoloration of retinal ocular tissues. It included Pigmentary abnormalities in the macula, of peripheral retina as well as in both of them.. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed.

An assessment of the participant's nails, lips, skin and mucosa was completed by the investigator at the 4 monthly study visits. The assessment of the participant's skin included assessment of the skin around the eyes and the eyelids,lips, nails, and mucosa

A comprehensive eye examination was conducted by retina specialist or general ophthalmologist to assess best corrected visual acuity. An initial comprehensive eye examination was completed by an ophthalmologist for all participants. This exam was not associated with a specific visit. Thereafter, eye examinations was performed approximately every 6 months. Eye examination was introduced following protocol amendment and was conducted in all participants. Participants discontinued before implementation of this amendment and who have not had a comprehensive eye examination and skin examination (and follow-up by a dermatologist, if clinically indicated) were asked to return to the clinic for an evaluation of their skin (and follow-up dermatology examination, if clinically indicated) and for a comprehensive eye examination. Number of Par. with both initial and at least one follow-up exam while on RTG treatment were analyzed.

Decrease in confrontation visual field is defined as a participant having a normal initial exam and an abnormal exam thereafter or, a response of clinically significant worsening in either eye since the last assessment.

The ophthalmologist/retina specialist determined the presence or absence of retinal and non-retinal ocular abnormalities. Retinal abnormalities included abnormalities in the macula and/or the peripheral retina and non-retinal ocular pigmentary abnormality.

An assessment of the participant's nails, lips, skin and mucosa was completed by the investigator at the 6 monthly SFUCP study visits. The assessment of the participant's skin included assessment of the skin around the eyes and the eyelids, lips, nails, and mucosa.

Retinal pigmentary abnormality was determined by either an ophthalmologist or retina specialist. Retinal pigmentary abnormality included pigmentary abnormality of macula, pigmentary abnormality of the peripheral retina and non-retinal ocular pigmentary abnormality. If a participant had pigmentary abnormality of macula and pigmentary abnormality of the peripheral retina both should be resolved in order for retinal pigmentary abnormality to be considered resolved. If a participant had non-retinal ocular pigmentary abnormality in more than location (conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, iris or lens), all should be resolved for non-retinal pigmentary abnormality to be considered resolved. Only participants with resolution of the specified pigmentation are included in this analysis.

Assessments were at approximately 6-monthly intervals (timed relative to the participants previous dermatology assessment) until the abnormal discoloration either resolved or stabilized (as defined by no changes over 2 consecutive 6-monthly assessments performed by the dermatologist over at least 12 months after discontinuation of retigabine). The assessment of the participant's skin included assessment of the skin around the eyes and the eyelids, lips, nails, and mucosa. Only participants with resolution of the specified tissue are included in this analysis.