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Nabiximols

Phase 3

Pain | Small molecule | Oncology |Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc|Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Success Probability

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Market & Valuation

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Trial Design

RandomizedDouble-BlindPLACEBO_CONTROLLEDDMC
Total Trials4
Total Enrollment1,862

FDA Designations

No designations recorded

Clinical trial landscape

Nabiximols · 6 trials · 7 indications

Phase 3 5Phase 2 1
NCT04657666Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Nabiximols Oromucosal Spray on Clinical Measures of Spasticity in Participants With Multiple SclerosisSpasticity in Participants With Multiple Sclerosis
COMPLETED68 Analytics
NCT01424566A Two-Part Study of Sativex® Oromucosal Spray for Relieving Uncontrolled Persistent Pain in Patients With Advanced CancerPain
COMPLETED406 Analytics
NCT01361607Sativex® for Relieving Persistent Pain in Patients With Advanced CancerPain
COMPLETED399 Analytics
NCT01337089Long Term Safety of Sativex Oromucosal Spray (Sativex®; Nabiximols) as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Uncontrolled Persistent Chronic Cancer Related PainPain
COMPLETED660 Analytics
NCT01262651Sativex® for Relieving Persistent Pain in Participants With Advanced CancerPain
COMPLETED397 Analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Nabiximols Oromucosal Spray on Clinical Measures of Spasticity in Participants With Multiple Sclerosis
Spasticity in Participants With Multiple SclerosisUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
A Two-Part Study of Sativex® Oromucosal Spray for Relieving Uncontrolled Persistent Pain in Patients With Advanced Cancer
PainUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Sativex® for Relieving Persistent Pain in Patients With Advanced Cancer
PainUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Long Term Safety of Sativex Oromucosal Spray (Sativex®; Nabiximols) as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Uncontrolled Persistent Chronic Cancer Related Pain
PainUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Sativex® for Relieving Persistent Pain in Participants With Advanced Cancer
PainUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

Change From Baseline in Lower Limb Muscle Tone-6 (LLMT-6)
Baseline (predose Day 1 of Treatment Period 1) up to Day 51 (end of treatment of Treatment Period 2)

LLMT-6 is defined as the average of the 6 individual Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) transformed scores of knee flexors, knee extensors, and plantar flexors on both sides of the body. Transformed MAS ranges from 0 (no increase in muscle tone) to 5 (affected part rigid in flexion or extension). The combined (treatment period 1 and treatment period 2) least square mean change from baseline in LLMT-6 score is being reported. Negative values indicate an improvement in muscle tone.

Change From Randomization Baseline In Mean NRS Average Pain At End Of Treatment
Randomization Baseline, End of Treatment (Day 36 of the double-blind period)

Participants indicated the level of pain experienced in the last 24 hours on an 11-point NRS, where a score of 0 indicated "no pain" and a score of 10 indicated "pain as bad as you can imagine." Change in mean NRS average pain was calculated as: End of Treatment NRS average pain score - Randomization (Part B) Baseline NRS average pain score. The participant's Randomization (Part B) baseline pain 0-10 NRS value was the mean over the last 4 consecutive days of the single-blind treatment period (Part A; pre-randomization). A negative value indicates an improvement in average pain score from Randomization (Part B) Baseline.

Percent Improvement From Baseline In Mean NRS Average Pain At End Of Treatment
Baseline, End of Treatment (Day 36)

Participants indicated level of pain in the last 24 hours on an 11-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), where a score of 0 was "no pain" and 10 was "pain as bad as you can imagine". Baseline = mean score from first day of 3-day eligibility period through to the day before first dose of study drug. End of Treatment = mean score over last (up to) 7 days to the final pain score at End of Treatment or up until Day 35, whichever is earlier, or final score available (prematurely terminated). Percentage improvement from baseline (Imp%) was calculated as: Imp% = (Baseline pain NRS mean - End of Treatment pain NRS mean)/Baseline pain NRS mean \* 100. For participants who died or withdrew due to disease progression, Imp% values were used. For participants who died or withdrew, unrelated to disease progression, before end of Week 5 (no diary data from Day 33 onwards), Imp% was zero for participants whose Imp% value was positive and it was Imp% for participants whose Imp% value was not positive.

Percent Of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events
Baseline, Day 183

Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) were coded according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) dictionary version 17.0. A TEAE is defined as an adverse event with an onset after the start of study drug treatment. The percent of participants who experienced one or more TEAEs is reported.

Overall survival time (OS)
Time in whole days from date of randomisation to the date of death from any cause, assessed at a minimum of 12 months..

To establish whether the addition of cannabinoids (Nabiximols) to standard TMZ treatment improves overall survival time (OS) in MGMT methylated recurrent GBM compared to the addition of placebo to TMZ.

Secondary Endpoints

Change From Baseline in Lower Limb Muscle Tone-4 (LLMT-4)
Baseline (predose Day 1 of Treatment Period 1) up to Day 51 (end of treatment of Treatment Period 2)
Number of Participants With Any Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
Baseline (predose Day 1 of Treatment Period 1) up to Day 51 (end of treatment of Treatment Period 2)
Change From Baseline in Blood Pressure
Baseline (predose Day 1 of Treatment Period 1) up to Day 51 (end of treatment of Treatment Period 2)
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Study Design & Arms

AllocationRANDOMIZED
MaskingTRIPLE
ModelCROSSOVER
PurposeTREATMENT

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
NabiximolsEXPERIMENTALNabiximols is a complex botanical medicine formulated from extracts of the cannabis plant that contains the principal cannabinoids delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and also contains minor constituents, including other cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid plant components, such as terpenes, sterols, and triglycerides. Each spray delivers 100 microliters (μL) of nabiximols. Nabiximols will be self-administered by participants as an oromucosal spray in the morning and evening, up to a maximum of 12 sprays per day for 12 weeks.
PlaceboPLACEBO_COMPARATORPlacebo to match nabiximols will be presented as an oromucosal spray containing the excipients ethanol and propylene glycol (50% v/v) with colorings and flavored with peppermint oil (0.05% v/v). Each spray will deliver 100 μL containing no active ingredients. Placebo will be self-administered by participants as an oromucosal spray in the morning and evening, up to a maximum of 12 sprays per day for 12 weeks.
Placebo (GA-0034)PLACEBO_COMPARATORPlacebo was self-administered by participants as a 100 μL oromucosal spray in the morning and evening, up to a maximum of 10 sprays per day for 5 weeks. Placebo oromucosal spray contained ethanol:propylene glycol (50:50) excipients, with peppermint oil (0.05%) flavoring and colorings.
Non-comparative, open-label NabiximolsEXPERIMENTALNabiximols was self-administered by participants as a 100 microliter (μL) oromucosal spray, in the morning and evening, up to a maximum of 10 sprays per day for 6 months. Nabiximols oromucosal spray contained delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (27 milligrams \[mg\]/milliliter \[mL\]):cannabidiol (CBD) (25 mg/mL), in ethanol:propylene glycol (50:50) excipients, with peppermint oil (0.05%) flavoring. Each 100 μL actuation delivered 2.7 mg THC and 2.5 mg CBD.
Standard Temozolomide with NabiximolsEXPERIMENTAL* Temozolomide 150mg/m2 for cycle 1, increasing to 200mg/m2 for subsequent cycles, once daily for days 1-5, orally, at the start of each 28 day cycle, up to a maximum of 6 cycles. * Nabiximols up to 12 oromucosal sprays per day up to a maximum of 6 cycles; self titrated over days 1-14 in cycle 1.
Standard Temozolomide with Nabiximols-matched placeboPLACEBO_COMPARATOR* Temozolomide 150mg/m2 for cycle 1, increasing to 200mg/m2 for subsequent cycles, once daily for days 1-5, orally, at the start of each 28 day cycle, up to a maximum of 6 cycles. * Nabiximols-matched placebo up to 12 oromucosal sprays per day up to a maximum of 6 cycles; self titrated over days 1-14 in cycle 1.

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
NabiximolsDRUGoromucosal spray
PlaceboDRUGoromucosal spray
Placebo (GA-0034)DRUG -
TemozolomideDRUGOral capsule
Nabiximols-matched placeboDRUGNabiximols-matched placebo oromucosal spray
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Eligibility Criteria

Age Range18 Years to N/A
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites16

Inclusion Criteria: Screening (Visit 1) * Has had a diagnosis with any disease subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS), by revised 2017 McDonald criteria, for at least 12 months prior to Visit 1 and is expected to remain stable for the duration of the trial * Has a Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) untrans...

Countries:CzechiaPolandAustraliaBulgariaGermanyHungaryIndiaIsraelItalyLithuaniaRomaniaSpainTaiwanUnited KingdomUnited StatesMexicoPuerto RicoBelgiumLatvia
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Frequently asked questions about Nabiximols

What is Nabiximols used for?

Nabiximols is an investigational oromucosal spray being studied for glioblastoma, spasticity in participants with multiple sclerosis, and pain. In clinical trials, it has been evaluated for relieving persistent pain in patients with advanced cancer and for clinical measures of spasticity in multiple sclerosis.

Who makes Nabiximols?

Nabiximols is being developed by Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc, which trades under the ticker JAZZ. The company is conducting clinical trials of the drug for conditions including cancer-related pain and multiple sclerosis spasticity.

What phase is Nabiximols in?

Nabiximols is in Phase 2 clinical development. It remains investigational and has not been approved by regulatory authorities. Completed trials include Phase 3 studies for cancer pain and multiple sclerosis spasticity, but the drug is still being studied.

What clinical trials is Nabiximols in?

Nabiximols has been studied in several clinical trials, including NCT01337089, NCT01361607, and NCT01424566 for pain in advanced cancer, and NCT04657666 for spasticity in multiple sclerosis. These trials are completed and enrolled a total of 1,862 participants.

Is Nabiximols the same as Sativex?

Yes, Nabiximols is the same as Sativex. Several clinical trials refer to the drug as Sativex oromucosal spray, including studies for cancer-related pain and multiple sclerosis spasticity.

Is Nabiximols FDA approved?

Nabiximols is not FDA approved. It is an investigational drug currently in Phase 2 clinical development. While Phase 3 trials have been completed for cancer pain and multiple sclerosis spasticity, approval status has not been established.