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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements as of

Key Takeaway: Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements as of September 30, 2023 Page Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023 (Unaudited) F-3 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Other Compr

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements as of September 30, 2023
Page
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023 (Unaudited) F-3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Loss for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited) F-4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited) F-5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2023, and 2022 (Unaudited) F-6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) F-7
VIRAX BIOLABS GROUP LIMITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2023 March 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash $ 5,107,882 $ 9,352,538
VAT receivable 183,361
Inventories 24,508
Prepaid expenses and deposits 655,421 281,475
Total current assets 5,971,172 9,634,013
Non-current assets
Right-of-use assets, net 172,257
Property, plant & equipment, net 507,163
Intangible software, net 374,670 178,403
Total non-current assets 1,054,090 178,403
Total assets $ 7,025,262 $ 9,812,416
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 643,881 $ 705,605
Current operating lease liabilities 49,679
Accounts payable - related parties 93,462 18,296
Note payable 146,250
Deferred revenue 38,250
Total current liabilities 787,022 908,401
Non-Current liabilities
Non-current operating lease liabilities 132,027
Total liabilities 919,049 908,401
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Stockholders' equity:
Ordinary Shares, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares Authorised; 1,811,540 and 1,554,709 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023 1,812 1,557
Reserves 21,089,103 20,921,005
Accumulated deficit (14,802,024 ) (11,794,460 )
Accumulated other (loss) income 44,273 (1,688 )
Total stockholders' equity (Virax) 6,333,164 9,126,414
Non-Controlling Interest (226,951 ) (222,399 )
Total stockholders' equity 6,106,213 8,904,015
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 7,025,262 $ 9,812,416
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
VIRAX BIOLABS GROUP LIMITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PROFIT AND LOSS
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022
Revenue $ 76,500 $ 5,760
Cost of revenue - excluding depreciation 65,982 5,642
Operating expenses:
Sales and Marketing 32,997 51,970
Research & Development 409,295 96,622
General and Administration 2,274,449 1,292,102
Total operating expenses $ 2,716,741 $ 1,440,694
Operating loss $ (2,706,223 ) $ (1,440,576 )
Other income (expenses):
Interest expense, net (10,114 ) (9,608 )
Gain on extinguishment of debt 12,465
Other income (expense), net (210,332 ) (3,602 )
Total other income (expenses), net (207,981 ) (13,210 )
Loss before income taxes (2,914,204 ) (1,453,786 )
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net loss $ (2,914,204 ) $ (1,453,786 )
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest (4,552 ) (10,175 )
Net loss attributable to Virax stockholders (2,909,652 ) (1,443,611 )
Other comprehensive loss
Foreign currency adjustment (132,846 ) (111 )
Comprehensive loss $ (3,047,050 ) $ (1,453,897 )
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest (4,552 ) (10,175 )
Comprehensive loss attributable to Virax $ (3,042,498 ) $ (1,443,722 )
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding
Ordinary Shares 1,775,284 389,763
Basic and diluted net loss per share to Virax stockholders
Ordinary Shares $ (1.64 ) $ (3.80 )
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
VIRAX BIOLABS GROUP LIMITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
Ordinary Shares Reserves Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders' Equity (Virax) Non Controlling Interest Total Stockholders' Equity
Shares Amount
Balance at March 31, 2023 1,554,709 $ 1,557 $ 20,921,005 $ (11,794,460 ) $ (1,688 ) $ 9,126,414 $ (222,399 ) $ 8,904,015
Pre-funded warrant exercise 234,331 234 234 234
Shares issued for settlement of debt 22,500 21 85,479 85,500 85,500
Stock-based compensation 86,269 86,269 86,269
Foreign currency adjustment (3,650 ) (97,912 ) 45,961 (55,601 ) (55,601 )
Net Loss (2,909,652 ) (2,909,652 ) (4,552 ) (2,914,204 )
Balance at September 30, 2023 1,811,540 $ 1,812 $ 21,089,103 $ (14,802,024 ) $ 44,273 $ 6,333,164 $ (226,951 ) $ 6,106,213
Balance at March 31, 2022 997,655 $ 998 $ 5,363,188 $ (6,336,966 ) $ (1,799 ) $ (974,579 ) $ (222,130 ) $ (1,196,709 )
Shares issued for cash 159,250 159 6,557,411 6,557,570 6,557,570
Shares issued for services 755 1 20,000 20,001 20,001
Cashless warrant exercise 8,619 8 8 8
Stock-based compensation 228,978 228,978 228,978
Foreign currency adjustment 4,564 4,564 (4,453 ) 111
Net Loss (1,443,611 ) (1,443,611 ) (10,175 ) (1,453,786 )
Balance at September 30, 2022 1,166,279 $ 1,166 $ 12,169,577 $ (7,780,577 ) $ 2,765 $ 4,392,931 $ (236,758 ) $ 4,156,173
All share amounts have been given retroactive effect in the financial statements as a result of the Share Consolidation on December 18, 2023. See Note 14.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
VIRAX BIOLABS GROUP LIMITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months ended September 30,
2023 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (2,914,204 ) $ (1,453,786 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation 4,750
Interest expense on operating lease liabilities 6,432
Amortization - right-of-use assets 12,969
Stock-based compensation 86,269 228,978
Stock issued for services 20,000
Gain on debt extinguishment (12,464 )
Other expense 125,000
Foreign currency translation gain (180,600 )
Net changes in operating assets & liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and deposits (373,946 ) (717,869 )
Other current assets (4,690 )
Deferred revenue (38,250 )
Inventories (24,508 ) 20,951
VAT receivable (183,361 )
Operating lease liability (9,952 )
Accounts payable to related parties 93,462
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (49,260 ) (390,083 )
Net cash used in operating activities $ (3,457,663 ) $ (2,296,499 )
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment - internally developed software (196,267 )
Purchase of software (19,338 )
Purchase of property, plant & equipment (492,576 )
Net cash used in investing activities $ (708,181 ) $
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments to related parties (18,296 ) (102,698 )
Proceeds from shares issued for cash 234 6,557,570
Stock issued for settlement of debt 85,500
Proceeds from note payable 487,500
Payments on note payable (146,250 ) (97,500 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities $ (78,812 ) $ 6,844,872
Net change in cash (4,244,656 ) 4,548,373
Cash at beginning of period 9,352,538 21,756
Cash at end of period $ 5,107,882 $ 4,570,129
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest $ 10,114 $ 2,437
Income taxes $ $
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Right-of-use asset additions $ 185,226 $
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
VIRAX BIOLABS GROUP LIMITED
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023 AND 2022
Note 1 General information and reorganization transactions
Virax Biolabs Group Limited and its subsidiaries (the Company ) is a global innovative biotechnology company focused on the prevention, detection, diagnosis, and risk management of viral diseases with a current focus on the field of T-Cells in Vitro Diagnostics. The Company is a Cayman Islands company and has been operating since 2013. The Company is in the process of developing and manufacturing tests that can predict adaptive immunity to viral diseases as well as identify individuals suffering from T-cell exhaustion linked to post viral syndromes. The Company's mission is to protect people from viral diseases and help with the early diagnosis of post viral syndromes associated with T-cell exhaustion and chronic fatigue through the provision of diagnostic tests, tests for adaptive immunity and education through a wellness mobile application which would allow people to make informed decisions regarding their viral risks.
Virax Biolabs Group Limited ( Virax Cayman ) Virax Biolabs Group Limited is a Cayman Islands exempted company incorporated on September 2, 2021.
Virax Biolabs (UK) Limited ( Virax UK ) Virax Biolabs (UK) Limited was incorporated on August 19, 2021 under the laws of the United Kingdom, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and primarily engaged in the Company's research and development activities.
Virax Biolabs Limited ( HKCo or formerly known as Shanghai Biotechnology Devices Ltd.) Virax Biolabs Limited, incorporated on April 14, 2020, under the laws of Hong Kong, was previously named as Shanghai Biotechnology Devices Limited and effected a name change to Virax Biolabs Limited on July 12, 2021. Virax Biolabs Limited, our wholly owned Hong Kong subsidiary, serves as a holding company.
Virax Immune T- Cell Medical Device Company Limited ( Virax Immune T-Cell ) Virax Immune T-Cell Medical Device Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of HKCo, incorporated on January 16, 2017, under the laws of Hong Kong, was previously named as Stork Nutrition Asia Limited and effected a name change to Virax Immune T-Cell Medical Device Company Limited on September 10, 2021.
Virax Biolabs Pte. Limited ( SingaporeCo ) Virax Biolabs Pte. Limited, incorporated on May 4, 2013 under the laws of Singapore, was previously named as Natural Source Group Pte. Limited and effected a name change to Virax Biolabs Pte. Limited on July 2, 2021. 95.65% of its capital stock is owned by Virax Biolabs Limited and the remaining 4.35% by independent third-party shareholders.
Logico Bioproduct Corp. ( Logico BVI ) Logico Bioproducts Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of SingaporeCo, is a limited liability company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands on January 21, 2011 and is a holding company.
Shanghai Xitu Consulting Co., Limited ( Shanghai Xitu ) Shanghai Xitu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Logico BVI and a wholly foreign owned enterprise, is a limited liability company incorporated on October 27, 2017, in China. Shanghai Xitu is primarily engaged in procurement, warehousing, product development, and staffing management.
Virax Biolabs USA Management, Inc. Virax Biolabs USA Management, Inc. was incorporated on August 1, 2022 under the laws of the United States, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Virax Cayman and structured as a management company for operations within the United States.
Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Ltd ( Virax UK HoldCo ) Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Limited was incorporated on February 22, 2023 under the laws of the United Kingdom, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and structured as a holding company.
Virax Biolabs FZ-LLC ( Virax Dubai ) Virax Biolabs FZ-LLC was incorporated on April 18, 2023 under the laws of the United Kingdom, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is primarily engaged as a regional distribution company.
Virax Biolabs Trading B.V. ( Virax Netherlands ) Virax Biolabs Trading B.V. was incorporated on August 4, 2023 under the laws of the Netherlands, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is primarily engaged as a regional distribution company.
Virax Biolabs UK Operating LLC ( Virax UK Operating ) Virax Biolabs UK Operating LLC was incorporated on November 7, 2023 under the laws of the United Kingdom, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is primarily engaged as a regional operating company.
These financial statements are presented in US dollars.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on the basis of continuity of operations, realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the ordinary course of business.
Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. At September 30, 2023, the Company had a cash balance of $5,107,882 and current liabilities of $787,022. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company had a net decrease in cash of $4,244,656 which led to indications of a potential going concern. In October 2023, this was alleviated by the Company raising approximately $1.9 million. See Note 18.
Until such time that the Company implements its growth strategy, it expects to continue to generate operating losses in the foreseeable future, mostly due to research and development activities, corporate overhead and costs of being a public company. The Company believes that its existing working capital and future cash flows from operating activities will provide sufficient cash to enable the Company to meet its operating needs for the next twelve months from the issuance date of this report.
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
This summary provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements to the extent they have not been disclosed in the other notes below. The policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
Basis of preparation
Compliance with IFRS
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company has been prepared on a going concern basis and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ) and interpretations issued by the IFRS Interpretations Committee ( IFRS IC ) applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The financial statements comply with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ( IASB ).
Historical cost convention
The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, as modified by the revaluation of certain financial assets and liabilities which are recognized at fair value through condensed consolidated statements of profit and loss and other comprehensive loss.
Principles of consolidation
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Company has control. The Company controls an entity when the Company is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those
returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Company. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases.
The following is a list of the Company's operating subsidiaries as of September 30 2023 and March 31, 2023.
Company names Jurisdiction Incorporation Date Ownership
Virax Biolabs Group Limited Cayman Island 9/2/2021 Holding Company
Virax Biolabs (UK) Limited United Kingdom 8/19/2021 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Limited
Virax Biolabs Limited Hong Kong 4/14/2020 100% (via Virax Biolabs (UK) Limited)
Virax Immune T-Cell Medical Device Company Limited Hong Kong 1/16/2017 100% (via Virax Biolabs Limited)
Virax Biolabs PTE. Limited Singapore 5/4/2013 95.65% (via Virax Biolabs Limited)
Logico Bioproducts Corp. BVI 1/21/2011 100% (via Virax Biolabs PTE. LTD)
Shanghai Xitu Consulting Co., Ltd PRC 10/27/2017 100% (via Logico Bioproducts Corp.)
Virax Biolabs USA Management, Inc. USA 08/01/2022 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Limited)
Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Ltd United Kingdom 2/22/2023 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Limited)
Virax Biolabs FZ-LLC United Arab Emirates 4/18/2023 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Limited)
Virax Biolabs Trading B.V. Netherlands 8/4/2023 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Limited)
Virax Biolabs UK Operating LLC United Kingdom 11/7/2023 100% (via Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Limited)
Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealized gains on transactions between the subsidiaries are eliminated upon consolidation. Unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the transferred asset. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Company.
The Company has one reportable segment incorporating ViraxClear, a diagnostic medical device distributor, ViraxVet, a veterinary medical device distributor, and ViraxImmune, a T-Cell In Vitro diagnostic device and wellness mobile application developer. The chief operating decision maker is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance and obtaining financial information, including the condensed consolidated statements of profit and loss and other comprehensive loss, condensed consolidated statements of financial position and condensed consolidated statements of cash flow, about the Company as a whole.
Foreign currency translation
Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Company's entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency ). The condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollar, which is the Company's presentation currency.
Entity Functional Currency
Virax Biolabs Group Limited U.S. dollars
Virax Biolabs (UK) Limited British Pound Sterling
Virax Biolabs Limited U.S. dollars
Virax Immune T-Cell Medical Device Company Limited U.S. dollars
Virax Biolabs PTE. LTD U.S. dollars
Logico Bioproducts Corp. U.S. dollars
Shanghai Xitu Consulting Co., Ltd Renminbi
Virax Biolabs USA Management, Inc. U.S. dollars
Virax Biolabs Group Holdings Ltd British Pound Sterling
Virax Biolabs FZ-LLC United Arab Emirates Dirhams
Virax Biolabs Trading B.V. U.S dollars
Virax Biolabs UK Operating LLC British Pound Sterling
The results and financial position of foreign operations (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentational currency are translated into the presentational currency as follows:
-assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial position
-income and expenses for each statement of profit or loss and statement of comprehensive loss are translated at average exchange rates (unless this is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions), and
-all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive loss.
Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year-end exchange rates are generally recognized in statements of profit and loss and other comprehensive loss.
The most important exchange rates per USD 1.00 that have been used in preparing the financial statements are:
Closing rate Average rate
For the Six Months Ended September 30, For the Six Months Ended September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
British Pound 0.820 0.895 0.796 0.831
Singapore Dollar 1.366 1.431 1.348 1.392
Renminbi 7.296 7.152 7.159 6.796
Revenues are generally recognized upon the transfer of control of promised products provided to the Company's customers, reflecting the amount of consideration we expect to receive for those products. The Company enters into contracts that can include various products, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate
performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. The revenue recognition policy is consistent for sales generated directly with customers and sales generated indirectly through solution partners and resellers.
Revenues are recognized upon the application of the following steps:
1.Identification of the contract or contracts with a customer;
2.Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
3.Determination of the transaction price;
4.Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5.Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied.
The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of billing our customers. The Company receives payments from customers based on a billing schedule as established in our contracts. Contract assets are recognized when performance is completed in advance of scheduled billings. Deferred revenue is recognized when billings are in advance of performance under the contract. The Company's revenue arrangements include standard warranty provisions that our products and services will perform and operate in all material respects with the applicable published specifications, the financial impacts of which have historically been, and are expected to continue to be insignificant. Our contracts do not include a significant financing component.
The Company's products are generally sold without a right of return, so there is no variable consideration when determining the amount of revenue to recognize. Returns and credits are estimated at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period if additional information becomes available.
Share-based payments
The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based payment ( IFRS 2 ), which requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods in the Company's condensed consolidated statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive loss, based on the acceleration method in twelve-month tranches.
The Company recognizes compensation expenses for the value of its awards granted based on the vesting attribution approach over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. IFRS 2 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
The Company estimates the fair value of share options granted using the black-scholes option pricing model. The option-pricing model requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are the expected stock price volatility and the expected option term. Expected volatility was calculated based upon historical volatility of the Company. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield from U.S. treasury bonds with an equivalent term. The Company has historically not paid dividends and has no foreseeable plans to pay dividends.
The Company determines the accounting classification of warrants that are issued, as either liability or equity, by first assessing whether the warrants meet liability classification in accordance with IFRS 9, Financial Instruments. Under IFRS 9, warrants are considered liability-classified if the warrants are mandatorily redeemable, obligate the issuer to settle the warrants or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or must or may require settlement by issuing a variable number of shares.
If the warrants do not meet liability classification, the Company assesses the requirements that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the warrants do not require liability classification, in order to conclude equity classification, the Company assesses whether the warrants are indexed to its common stock and whether the warrants are classified as equity. After all relevant assessments are made, the Company concludes whether the warrants are classified as liability or equity. Liability-classified warrants are required to be accounted for at fair value both on the date of issuance and on subsequent accounting period ending dates, with all changes in fair value after the issuance date recorded as a component of other income (expense), net in the statements of operations. Equity-classified warrants are accounted for at fair value on the issuance date with no changes in fair value recognized after the issuance date. As of September 30, 2023, all of the Company's outstanding warrants are equity-classified warrants. See Note 14.
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period's taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction as adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses.
The current income tax expense or credit is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period in the countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income. Although the Company is organized as a Cayman Islands corporation, we expect in the next fiscal year the Company is likely to be subject to income and other taxes in various other jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, China, Hong Kong and Singapore. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to (or recovered from) the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only if it is probable that future taxable profit will be available to utilize those temporary differences and losses.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.
Current and deferred tax is recognized in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive loss, in which case the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive loss.
Impairment of assets
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs of disposal and value in use and is calculated with reference to future discounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate when considered as part of a cash-generating unit. Assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period. If an impairment subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment charge been recognized for the asset in prior years.
The Company adopted IFRS 16 Leases' with effect from April 1, 2019. IFRS 16 introduced a single lease accounting model, requiring a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities for all leases with a term of more than twelve months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. The lessee is required to recognize a right-of-use asset representing the right to use the underlying asset, and a lease liability representing the obligation to pay lease payments.
At the inception of a contract, we assess whether a contract is, or contains a lease by determining whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, we assess whether:
-the contract involves the use of an identified asset;
-we have the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use; and
-we have the right to direct the use of the identified asset.
A right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability are recognized on the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term. In addition, the right-of-use asset is reduced by impairment losses and adjusted for certain remeasurement of the lease liabilities, if any.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date. The lease payments are discounted using the implicit interest rate in the lease. If the rate cannot be readily determined, our incremental rate of borrowing is used. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The lease liability is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in our estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, if we change our assessment of whether we will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option, or if the underlying lease contract is amended.
We have elected not to separate fixed non-lease components from lease components and instead account for each lease component and associated fixed non-lease components as a single lease component.
We have elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. We recognize the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Last updated: Jan 12, 2024