Full Press Release Details
Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled GM-CSF
(Molgramostim) in Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis - The IMPALA Trial - Baseline Data and Blinded Treatment Period Results Bruce C. Trapnell, M.D. Translational Pulmonary Science Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine University of Cincinnati Medical Center Exhibit 99.1
Disclosures The Impala trial was
sponsored by Savara Pharmaceuticals I receive grant funding from the US National Institutes of Health I have consulted for: Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, Genzyme, Gilead, Grifols, GSK, Kiniksa, Medimmune, Merck, Savara, Sanofi,
Thick layer of surfactant PAP
sediment' Epithelial basement membrane Alveolar air space Endothelial basement membrane Red cell Fibroblast Normal oxygen uptake Displaced alveolar air Cellular debris Thin film of surfactant Alveolar macrophage Type II cell Interstitium Type
I cell Normal Alveolus M-CSF MCP-1 Endothelial cell Polycythemia B. Trapnell GM-CSF Reduced oxygen uptake Cholesterol crystals Lymphocytes GM-CSF autoantibody Foamy alveolar macrophage GM-CSF Alveolus in PAP Background: Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar
Proteinosis (aPAP) aPAP is characterized by: - Pulmonary surfactant accumulation - Progressive hypoxemic respiratory failure - Increased PAP biomarkers - Polycythemia (systemic response to lung disease) - Increased
infection risk (uncommon) - Pulmonary fibrosis (uncommon) GM-CSF is required to regulate alveolar macrophage - Differentiation - Functions - Population size GM-CSF autoantibodies cause aPAP by blocking stimulation of alveolar
macrophages, which reduces their ability to clear surfactant
Background: Inhaled GM-CSF Therapy of
aPAP 1996, Seymour: First patient treated with GM-CSF (SQ) 2000, Kavuru: 4 patients treated (SQ) 2001, Seymour: 14 patients treated (SQ) 2004, Aria: 1 patient treated (Inhaled) 2005, Tazawa: 3 patients treated (Inhaled) 2006, Wylam: 12 patients
treated (Inhaled) 2005, Venkateshiah: 25 patients treated (SQ) 2010, Tazawa: 39 Patients treated (inhaled) 2014, Papiris: 6 Patients treated (inhaled) 2019, Tazawa: 64 Patients treated (inhaled) IMPALA Trial, 138 patients treated (inhaled) After
Before Tazawa... 2010
Study Design of the IMPALA Trial
Screening Randomized, blinded Treatment (6 m) 0 24 Placebo Open-Label Treatment (6 or 12 m) 48 or 72 Time (weeks) Intermittent GM-CSF* Intermittent GM-CSF Continuous GM-CSF Continuous - Daily administration of inhaled GM-CSF (300 g)
(n=46) Intermittent - Daily administration of GM-CSF (300 g) every other week* (n=45) Placebo - Daily administration (n=47) Study Groups *Placebo administered on off' weeks
Study Design: Endpoints Safety: Number
of adverse events (AE) and serious adverse events (SAE) Efficacy: Change from baseline at 24 weeks in the following endpoints: Disease element Variable Pathology Chest CT ground glass opacification (GGO) score Serum PAP biomarkers Physiology
Alveolar-arterial difference in oxygen conc. (A-aDO2)* DLCO Health status & Function Saint Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) ** Six-minute walk test - Distance** Rescue therapy requirement (Whole lung lavage - WLL) Time to first WLL**
Number of patients with WLL, Number of WLL Systemic response to chronic lung disease (polycythemia) Hemoglobin concentration * = Primary end point, ** = Key Secondary end point
Baseline Characteristics: Demographics
Characteristic Continuous Intermittent Placebo Age, years 54.0 13.3 49.2 14.0 46.1 14.8 Gender (Male), % 60.9 57.8 53.2 Smoking history, % Never smoker 28.3 35.6 34.0 Ex smoker
58.7 44.4 42.6 Current smoker 13.0 20.0 23.4 Geographic region, % Europe 34.8 46.7 70.2 Japan 43.5 22.2 21.3 USA 4.3 4.4 0
Baseline Characteristics: Disease
Severity Characteristic Continuous Intermittent Placebo A-aDO2*, mm Hg (FAS) 40.5 19.6 40.9 20.2 40.2 14.3 DLCO, % predicted 52.1 18.6 46.1 14.5 49.6 14.3 Disease severity score (DSS), % DSS 1 (Mild) 8.7
11.1 6.4 DSS 2 26.1 31.1 34.0 DSS 3 37.0 28.9 29.8 DSS 4 10.9 20.0 21.3 DSS 5 (Severe) 17.4 6.7 8.5 SGRQ Total score** 47.2 20.4 44.4 21.4 44.1 21.7 6MWT-Distance**, m 412 144 447 117 447 125 Vital capacity,
% predicted 78.6 32.2 74.8 19.5 74.1 18.6 * = Primary end point, ** = Key Secondary end point
Baseline Characteristics: Previous
Therapies Characteristic Continuous Intermittent Placebo Supplemental oxygen use, % 32.6 26.7 23.4 Whole lung lavage Prior use of WLL (any), % 47.8 68.9 63.8 Total Number of WLLs 3.3 2.2 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.0 Time since last WLL, m
25.0 53.7 19.7 27.4 17.7 20. 7 GM-CSF therapy (any), % 13.0 15.6 12.8
Safety: AE, SAE, and Respiratory AE
Occurring in at least 5% of Patients No clinically significant changes in laboratory values No evidence of anti-drug antibody development Study completion: Continuous: 97.8%, Intermittent: 97.8%, Placebo: 91.5% AE (all) AE (Poss/prob related) SAE
(all) Worsening of aPAP 0 20 40 60 80 100 Continuous Intermittent Placebo All Cough Dyspnea Productive cough 0 20 40 60 80 100 Respiratory AE Event rate (% patients) Event rate (% patients)
Pathology: GM-CSF Improved Chest CT
GGO Score P=0.0002 P=0.1776 Continuous Intermittent Placebo *Comparison to Placebo * *
Pathology: GM-CSF Improved Serum
Biomarkers * Continuous Intermittent Placebo * = P<0.05, ns = P>0.05, comparison to Placebo * * * * ns * * ns ns ns ns SP-D LDH KL-6 SP-A Cyfra21-1 CEA
Physiology: GM-CSF Trended Towards
Improvement in the Primary End Point (A-aDO2) - Full Analysis Set (FAS) P=0.1688 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.4444 * * *Comparison to Placebo
Correlation of PaO2 and A-aDO2
Identifies Patients Who Received Oxygen Therapy During Blood Collection as Outliers Patients that received supplemental oxygen via nasal canula during ABG specimen collection Patient A Patient B Patient C Patient D
Exclusion of Data for Patients On
Oxygen Therapy During Arterial Blood Collection Significantly Influenced the Primary Endpoint (A-aDO2 - Revised) P=0.0249 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.2313 *Comparison to Placebo * *
Physiology: GM-CSF Improved DLCO
P=0.0074 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.3097 *Comparison to Placebo * *
Health Status: GM-CSF Improved SGRQ
Total Score P=0.0103 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.0173 + MCID is 4 Points in COPD patients *Comparison to Placebo * *
The Improvement in SGRQ was Robust
as Shown by Responder Analysis Favors Placebo | Favors GM-CSF Odds Ratio 8 points 6 points 4 points Threshold value used as cut off' for a positive response Placebo versus GM-CSF (Continuous)
A Pattern of Improvement was Seen
Across all SGRQ Domains Continuous Intermittent Placebo Activity Impact Symptoms P=0.0107 P=0.0223 P=0.4884
Function: GM-CSF Trended Towards
Improved 6MWT-Distance P=0.3159 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.7809 *Comparison to Placebo * *
Rescue Therapy: GM-CSF Trended
Towards a Reduction in WLL WLL Therapy Requirement Group # patients # treatments Rate Ratio vs Placebo Continuous (n=46) 4 9 0.284 Intermediate (n=45) 4 7 0.367 Placebo (n=47) 6 17 - Favors Placebo | Favors GM-CSF Hazards Ratio Placebo
versus GM-CSF Time to WLL: Intermittent Time to WLL: Continuous
Systemic Response: GM-CSF Trended
Towards Reduced Hemoglobin Levels P=0.0506 Continuous Intermittent Placebo P=0.5886 *Comparison to Placebo * *
Totality of Outcome Data Favors
Continuous GM-CSF over Placebo Disease element Endpoint Units Treatment effect P-value Pathology Chest CT - GGO Score -2.4 0.0002 Serum LDH, KL-6, SP-D, CEA, Cyfra 21 1 IU/L pg/ml All favor GM-CSF <0.05 Physiology
A-aDO2* - FAS mm Hg -4.6 0.1688 A-aDO2* - Revised mm Hg -6.5 0.0249 DLCO % predicted 7.9 0.0074 Health status & Function SGRQ** total score -7.6 0.0103 6MWT-Distance** m 20.6 0.3159 Rescue therapy Time to WLL** WLL frequency Hazard
ratio Rate ratio 0.59 0.28 0.4204 0.1918 Systemic response Hemoglobin (g/dL) -0.5 0.0506 * = Primary end point, ** = Key Secondary end point
Conclusions Baseline clinical
features of aPAP A large, global cohort of adult aPAP patients was identified and carefully characterized Study groups were well-balanced for demographics and disease severity Clinical trial observations The Placebo group experienced an
unexpected degree of improvement in A-aDO2 Inhaled recombinant human GM-CSF therapy (molgramostim) of aPAP is: Safe and well-tolerated Effective as shown by changes in lung pathology, physiology, health status, function, and the systemic
response to chronic lung disease More effective when administered continuously than on alternating weeks
Acknowledgments We are grateful to
and thank: Our PAP patients whose collaboration made the IMPALA trial possible IMPALA Investigators - PAP care providers and staff - at 30 centers in 18 countries including: Australia Troy S (Sydney); Denmark Bendstrup E (Arhus); France
Jouneau S (Rennes); Israel Kremer M (Tikva); Italy Campo I (Pavia); Germany Bonella F (Essen), Kreuter M (Heidelberg), Behr J (Gauting), Bohnet S (L beck); Greece Papiris S (Athens); Japan Inoue Y (Osaka), Yamaguchi E, (Aichi), Nakata K
(Niigata), Baba T (Yokohama), Kobayashi M (Sendai); Portugal A Morais (Porto) Ferreira L (Lisboa); Russia Ilkovich M (St. Petersburg); Slovakia Slivka R, Hagy V; South Korea Pyo Chung P, Woo Song J, Mi Choi S (Seoul); Spain Molina M (Barcelona);
Switzerland Lazor R (Lausanne); The Netherlands Veltkamp M (Nieuwegein); Turkey Cetinkaya E (Istanbul); United Kingdom Morgan C (London); United States Wang T (Los Angeles), Ataya A (Gainesville), Trapnell B (Cincinnati) IMPALA Protocol Committee:
Denmark Bendstrup E; Germany Costabel U, Bonella F; Italy Campo I; Japan Inoue Y; France Jouneau S; UK Morgan C; Greece Papiris S; USA Trapnell B Waterer G (Perth, Australia) who provided clinical and analytical expertise Savara Pharmaceuticals who
sponsored the IMPALA trial