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ZIO-201

Phase 3

Advanced Cancer | Small molecule | Oncology |Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc.|Trials Updated: Oct 5, 2026

ZIO-201 development status

Highest phase Phase 3 (NCT01168791)
Phase scored for TCRTPhase 1
Registered trials 9 across 2 sponsors since Jan 2007

ZIO-201 target and mechanism

ModalitySmall molecule

Also known as palifosfamide, Palifosfamide-Tris, isophosphoramide mustard

Success Probability

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Market & Valuation

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Trial Design

UNCONTROLLED
Total Trials4
Total Enrollment130

FDA Designations

No designations recorded

ZIO-201 clinical trials

ZIO-201 · 4 trials · 11 indications

Phase 1 4
NCT01340547Effect on QTc, Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy of Single-agent Palifosfamide-tris in Subjects With Advanced Solid TumorsAdvanced Solid Tumors
COMPLETED24 Analytics
NCT01242072Intravenous Palifosfamide-tris in Combination With Etoposide and Carboplatin in Patients With MalignanciesMalignancy
COMPLETED22 Analytics
NCT00439686Study of ZIO-201 in Advanced SarcomaAdvanced Sarcoma
COMPLETED54 Analytics
NCT00421135A Protocol for the Safety and Tolerance of Intravenous Isophosphoramide Mustard (IPM) in Patients With Advanced CancerAdvanced Cancer
COMPLETED30 Analytics
PHASE1COMPLETED
Effect on QTc, Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy of Single-agent Palifosfamide-tris in Subjects With Advanced Solid Tumors
Advanced Solid TumorsUnlock trial analytics
PHASE1COMPLETED
Intravenous Palifosfamide-tris in Combination With Etoposide and Carboplatin in Patients With Malignancies
MalignancyUnlock trial analytics
PHASE1COMPLETED
Study of ZIO-201 in Advanced Sarcoma
Advanced SarcomaUnlock trial analytics
PHASE1COMPLETED
A Protocol for the Safety and Tolerance of Intravenous Isophosphoramide Mustard (IPM) in Patients With Advanced Cancer
Advanced CancerUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

ECG QTc intervals of patients who receive palifosfamide-tris
Cycle 1 Days -1,1, 2, 3,8

To assess the effect of single-agent palifosfamide-tris on QTc intervals.

Blood sampling to characterize the pharmacokinetics of palifosfamide-tris
Cycle 1, Day 1, 2, 3, 4, 8

To assess the pharmacokinetic profile of single-agent palifosfamide-tris.

Assess the safety profile
21 Days

Adverse events, vital signs, physical examination, laboratory data and concomitant medications

Number of Participants With Dose-Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) in Cycle 1
Cycle 1 (21 days)

DLTs were assessed during the first 21-day cycle to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). A DLT was defined as any of the following: a non-hematologic Grade 3 toxicity that did not resolve to Grade 2 or lower within 72 hours, excluding alopecia any non-hematologic Grade 4 toxicity, excluding alopecia Grade 4 granulocyte and/or platelet toxicity lasting 7 days or longer Grade 3 or higher neutropenia with an unexplained temperature of 38.5°C or higher on 2 or more occasions within 24 hours The MTD was the dose level below the dose at which at least 33% of participants had a DLT.

toxicities
6 months

Secondary Endpoints

Safety and tolerability of palifosfamide-tris measured in amount, type, severity and relatedness of Adverse Events
Duration of time patient is on study, expected average of 5 months
Preliminary efficacy of palifosfamide-tris as it pertains to cancer tumor growth
Duration of time patient is on study, expected average of 5 months
Determine the maximum tolerated dose
Up to 21 days
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Study Design & Arms

AllocationNA
MaskingNONE
ModelSINGLE_GROUP
PurposeTREATMENT

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
Single ArmOTHERSingle Arm, non-blinded, non-randomized
PaCEEXPERIMENTALPalifosfamide, Carboplatin and Etoposide
Phase 1: Palifosfamide-lysine 590 mg/m²EXPERIMENTALParticipants received palifosfamide-lysine 590 mg/m² by intravenous infusion over approximately 15 minutes on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle. Four participants were treated at this dose level. Dose escalation was discontinued after 2 of 4 participants experienced dose-limiting toxicities during Cycle 1.
Phase 2: Palifosfamide-lysine 413 mg/m²EXPERIMENTALParticipants received palifosfamide-lysine 413 mg/m² by intravenous infusion over approximately 15 minutes on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle. Forty-nine participants were treated at this dose level. The last 6 participants enrolled also participated in a pharmacokinetic substudy in which they received a single dose of palifosfamide-tris 178 mg/m² on Day -14 before beginning palifosfamide-lysine treatment.

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
palifosfamide-trisDRUGpalifosfamide-tris IV infusion of 150 mg/m2 on Days 1, 2 and 3 every three weeks (21 day cycle)
Normal SalineDRUG0.9% Normal Saline 250 ml IV infusion on Cycle 1 Day -1
ZIO-201DRUGPalifosfamide-lysine (ZIO-201) was administered by intravenous infusion on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle. Dose and formulation are specified in the corresponding Arm descriptions.
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Eligibility Criteria

Age Range18 Years to N/A
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites3

Inclusion criteria: 1. Male or female subjects, age ≥ 18 years, who have provided written informed consent prior to completing any study specific procedure. 2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed solid tumor that has progressed following available standard therapies or for which no standard t...

Countries:United States
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Competitive Landscape -Cancer 7 trials (matched to "Advanced Cancer")

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Recent Changes (Last 90 Days)

MEDIUMOct 5, 2026NCT00439686lastUpdatePostDate: changed
MEDIUMOct 5, 2026NCT00439686lastUpdatePostDate: changed
LOWOct 1, 2026NCT00439686Enrollment: 53 → 54
LOWOct 1, 2026NCT00439686Enrollment: 53 → 54

Frequently asked questions about ZIO-201

What is ZIO-201?

ZIO-201 is an investigational small molecule developed by Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. for the treatment of advanced cancer and advanced sarcoma. It has been studied in Phase 1 clinical trials in adult patients with these solid tumors. ZIO-201 remains in clinical development and is not approved for commercial use.

What is ZIO-201 used for in advanced sarcoma?

ZIO-201 has been studied in advanced sarcoma as an investigational treatment. A Phase 1 trial, NCT00439686, evaluated ZIO-201 in 54 adult patients with advanced sarcoma in the United States. The study is completed. ZIO-201 is not approved for sarcoma or any other indication.

Who is developing ZIO-201?

ZIO-201 is being developed by Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc., which trades under the ticker TCRT. The company sponsored the Phase 1 clinical trials of ZIO-201 in advanced cancer and advanced sarcoma. Alaunos Therapeutics is the developer associated with this asset.

What phase is ZIO-201 in?

ZIO-201 is in Phase 1 clinical development. It has been evaluated in two completed Phase 1 trials, one in advanced sarcoma and one in advanced cancer. No later-phase trials are recorded. ZIO-201 is investigational and has not been approved by the FDA for any indication.

What clinical trials is ZIO-201 in?

ZIO-201 has been studied in two completed Phase 1 trials. NCT00439686 evaluated ZIO-201 in 54 adults with advanced sarcoma in the United States. NCT00421135 studied intravenous isophosphoramide mustard, also known as IPM, in 30 adults with advanced cancer. Both trials are completed and enrolled adults aged 18 and older.

Is ZIO-201 the same as IPM?

Yes. ZIO-201 is also known as isophosphoramide mustard, or IPM. The Phase 1 trial NCT00421135 was titled as a study of intravenous isophosphoramide mustard (IPM) in patients with advanced cancer, and it corresponds to the ZIO-201 program. Both names refer to the same investigational small molecule.