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Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

Phase 4

Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection | Small molecule | Infectious Disease |Merck & Company, Inc.|Trials Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam development status

Highest phase Phase 4 (NCT02421120)
Phase scored for MRKPhase 3
Registered trials 9 across 5 sponsors since May 2013

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam target and mechanism

ModalitySmall molecule

Also known as Ceftolozane, MK-7625A

Success Probability

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Market & Valuation

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Trial Design

RandomizedDouble-BlindACTIVE_CONTROLLEDDMC
Total Trials10
Total Enrollment1,658

FDA Designations

No designations recorded

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam clinical trials

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam · 10 trials · 16 indications

Phase 3 4Phase 2 3Phase 1 3
NCT03830333Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem for Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (MK-7625A-015)Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections
COMPLETED268 Analytics
NCT02728089Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Japanese Participants With Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis and Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (MK-7625A-014)Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
COMPLETED115 Analytics
NCT02739997Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Combination With Metronidazole in Japanese Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (MK-7625A-013)Intra-abdominal Infection
COMPLETED100 Analytics
NCT02070757Safety and Efficacy Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam to Treat Ventilated Nosocomial Pneumonia (MK-7625A-008)Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia
COMPLETED726 Analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem for Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (MK-7625A-015)
Complicated Intra-abdominal InfectionsUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Japanese Participants With Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis and Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (MK-7625A-014)
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)Unlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Combination With Metronidazole in Japanese Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (MK-7625A-013)
Intra-abdominal InfectionUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Safety and Efficacy Study of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam to Treat Ventilated Nosocomial Pneumonia (MK-7625A-008)
Healthcare-Associated PneumoniaUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure or Clinical Failure) at Test of Cure (TOC) Visit: Clinically Evaluable (CE) Population
Up to approximately Day 30

Clinical response was classified as "cure" or "failure". Clinical cure (favorable) was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required for the index infection. Clinical failure (unfavorable) was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. The percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure or clinical failure at TOC was summarized.

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication at Test of Cure (TOC)
Day 14 (14 days post first dose of study drug)

The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline at TOC (14 days post first dose). Microbiological outcome was classified as "eradication", "persistence" or "indeterminate." A successful microbiological response was "eradication" which was defined as urine culture showed all uropathogens found at baseline at ≥10\^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL were reduced to \<10\^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was" persistence" (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as unsuccessful. Participants with responses reported as "indeterminate" were excluded.

Percentage of Participants Who Report 1 or More Adverse Event (AE)
Up to 42 days post first dose of study drug

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. An AE was any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with use of a medicinal product, regardless of whether or not it was considered related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants that reported at least 1 AE was summarized.

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to an AE
Up to 7 days after the first dose of study drug

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. An AE was any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with use of a medicinal product, regardless of whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants that had study drug discontinued during the study due to an AE was summarized.

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at Test of Cure (TOC)
Day 28 (28 days after initiating study therapy)

The percentage of participants with clinical responses (cure, failure, or indeterminate) at TOC was determined. Clinical cure was defined as "complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required". Clinical failure was defined as "death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care". Indeterminate was defined as "study data are not available for evaluation for any reason, including death during the study period unrelated to the index infection; or extenuating circumstances that preclude classification as cure or failure".

Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)
Up to Day 42 (up to 28 days after completing study therapy)

The percentage of participants with ≥1 AEs was determined. An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention.

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to AEs
Up to Day 14

The percentage of participants withdrawing from study therapy due to an AE was determined.

Percentage of Participants With All Cause Mortality in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population - Day 28
Day 28

To demonstrate the non-inferiority of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in stratified adult participants with ventilated nosocomial pneumonia (VNP) (participants with either ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia \[VABP\] or ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia \[HABP\]) based on the difference in all-cause mortality rates in the intent to treat (ITT) population using a non-inferiority margin of 10%. The estimated adjusted percentage was a weighted average across all strata, constructed using Mehrotra-Railkar continuity-corrected minimum risk (MRc) stratum weights.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response at End of Inpatient Intravenous Therapy (EOIV)
Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug

Resolution of all acute signs and symptoms of the primary infection or improvement to such an extent that no additional antibacterial therapy is required (ie, except for protocol-allowed adjunctive therapies and/or oral or IV switch) and such that no more than 14 days of total antibacterial therapy is required.

Number of Participants With ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)
Up to Day 88

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol specified procedure. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in frequency and/or intensity) of a preexisting condition that is temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor's product, is also an AE.

Number of Participants Discontinuing Study Therapy Due to AE
Up to Day 15

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol specified procedure. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in frequency and/or intensity) of a preexisting condition that is temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor's product, is also an AE.

Number of Participants Experiencing ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)
Up to approximately 75 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered study treatment and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. The number of participants who experienced an AE is presented.

Number of Participants Who Discontinued Study Therapy Due to AE(s)
Up to approximately 18 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered study treatment and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. The number of participants who discontinued study treatment due to an AE is presented.

Percentage of Participants With Any Adverse Events (AEs)
Up to 31 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. The percentage of participants experiencing any AE was reported for each arm.

Percentage of Participants With Any Serious AEs (SAEs)
Up to 31 days

An SAE was defined as any untoward medical consequence that, at any dose, results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongs existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or any other important medical event. The percentage of participants with any SAE was reported for each arm.

Percentage of Participants With Any Drug-related AEs
Up to 31 days

A drug-related AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, and considered related to the study intervention. The percentage of participants with any drug related AEs was reported for each arm.

Percentage of Participants With Any Drug-related SAEs
Up to 31 days

A drug-related SAE was defined any untoward medical consequence that, at any dose, results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongs existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or any other important medical event, that is considered related to the study intervention. The percentage of participants with any drug related SAEs was reported for each arm.

Percentage of Participants With AEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Intervention
Up to 14 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. The percentage of participants with AEs leading to discontinuation of study intervention was reported for each arm.

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for creatinine clearance (CLCR), every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Cmax, maximum plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data analysis was performed by non-compartmental analysis (NCA) method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Epithelial Lining Fluid (ELF) / Plasma Ratio (Intrapulmonary Penetration) of Ceftolozane and Tazobactam Concentrations in Mechanically Ventilated Participants.
Up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of the last infusion.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the epithelial lining fluid, ELF to plasma ratio of ceftolozane and tazobactam.

Time of Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tmax, time of maximum plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Last Quantifiable Plasma Concentration (Clast) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Clast, last quantifiable plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Time of Last Quantifiable Plasma Concentration (Tlast)) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tlast, time of last quantifiable plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Area Under the Concentration Time Curve (AUC) From the First to Time of the Last Dose (AUC0-last) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-last, AUC from the first to time of the last dose, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

AUC From the Time of the Dose to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-∞, AUC from the time of the dose to infinity, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the t1/2, terminal elimination half-life, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Vss, volume of distribution at steady state, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.
Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the CL, plasma clearance, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later.

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Cmax of ceftolozane. Cmax is expressed as geometric least-squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Cmax of tazobactam. Cmax is expressed as geometric least-squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Tmax of ceftolozane.

Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Tmax of tazobactam.

Plasma Concentration at the Last Quantifiable Concentration (Clast) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Clast of ceftolozane. Clast is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Plasma Concentration at the Last Quantifiable Concentration (Clast) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Clast of tazobactam. Clast is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Time of Last Sampling Point (Tlast) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Tlast of ceftolozane.

Time of Last Sampling Point (Tlast) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Tlast of tazobactam.

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUClast) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration of ceftolozane. AUC0-last is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUClast) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration of tazobactam. AUC0-last is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUC0-inf) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero extrapolated to infinity of ceftolozane. AUC0-inf is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUC0-inf) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero extrapolated to infinity of tazobactam. AUC0-inf is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values.

Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of t1/2 of ceftolozane. t1/2 is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of t1/2 of tazobactam. t1/2 is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Vss of ceftolozane. Vss is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of Vss of tazobactam. Vss is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Ceftolozane
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of CL of ceftolozane. CL is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Tazobactam
Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Blood was collected for the determination of CL of tazobactam. CL is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100\*sqrt(exp(s\^2)-1), where s\^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale.

Secondary Endpoints

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at TOC Visit: Intent to Treat (ITT) Population
Up to approximately Day 30
Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure or Clinical Failure) at End of Therapy (EOT) Visit: CE Population
Up to approximately Day 15
Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at EOT Visit: ITT Population
Up to approximately Day 15
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Study Design & Arms

AllocationRANDOMIZED
MaskingTRIPLE
ModelPARALLEL
PurposeTREATMENT

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + MetronidazoleEXPERIMENTALParticipants receive ceftolozane/tazobactam 1500 mg (ceftolozane 1000 mg + tazobactam 500 mg) plus metronidazole 500 mg administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days (per protocol, ceftolozane/tazobactam may be adjusted to 500 mg/250 mg if creatinine clearance \[CrCL\] is 30 to ≤50 mL/min)
Meropenem + PlaceboACTIVE_COMPARATORParticipants receive meropenem 1000 mg plus saline administered as an IV infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days (per protocol, meropenem may be adjusted to every 12 hours if CrCL was 30 to ≤50 mL/min).
MK-7625AEXPERIMENTALMK-7625A 1.5 g (ceftolozane 1 g/tazobactam 0.5 g) administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion every 8 hours for 7 days. The dose may be reduced to 750 mg (ceftolozane 500 mg/tazobactam 250 mg) for participants with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 30-50 mL/min.
MK-7625A + metronidazoleEXPERIMENTALMK-7625A 1.5 g (ceftolozane 1 g/tazobactam 0.5 g) plus metronidazole 500 mg administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days. The dose may be reduced to 750 mg (ceftolozane 500 mg/tazobactam 250 mg) for participants with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 30-50 mL/min.
Ceftolozane/tazobactamEXPERIMENTALParticipants receive 3000 mg ceftolozane/tazobactam intravenous IV (comprising 2000 mg ceftolozane and 1000 mg tazobactam) every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
MeropenemACTIVE_COMPARATORParticipants receive 1000 mg meropenem IV every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Group I (ceftolozane-tazobactam)EXPERIMENTALParticipants receive ceftolozane-tazobactam IV over 1 hour every 8 hours for up to 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After at least 3 days, participants may switch to different PO or IV antibiotics at the discretion of the study doctor.
Group II (standard of care antibiotic treatment)ACTIVE_COMPARATORParticipants receive standard of care antibiotic treatment consisting of either cefepime IV over 30 minutes every 8 hours, meropenem IV over 30 minutes every 8 hours, or piperacillin-tazobactam IV over 1 hour every 6 hours for up to 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Meropenem + Placebo for MetronidazoleACTIVE_COMPARATORMeropenem 20 mg/kg (maximum 1 g/dose) plus placebo for Metronidazole administered IV every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days.
Group 1: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 12 to <18 Years of AgeEXPERIMENTALParticipants 12 to \<18 years of age with nosocomial pneumonia receive intravenous (IV) ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Group 2: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 7 to <12 Years of AgeEXPERIMENTALParticipants 7 to \<12 years of age with nosocomial pneumonia receive IV ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Group 3: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 2 to <7 Years of AgeEXPERIMENTALParticipants 2 to \<7 years of age with nosocomial pneumonia receive IV ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Group 4: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 3 Months to <2 Years of AgeEXPERIMENTALParticipants 3 months to \<2 years of age with nosocomial pneumonia receive IV ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Group 5: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Birth to <3 Months of AgeEXPERIMENTALParticipants from birth to \<3 months of age with nosocomial pneumonia receive IV ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours for 8-14 days.
Mechanically VentilatedEXPERIMENTALParticipants with proven or suspected pneumonia, undergoing mechanical ventilation will receive 4-6 doses of ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours as a 60-minute intravenous infusion as follows: * Those with Creatinine clearance (CLCR) \> 50 mL/min will receive 4-6 doses of 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours * Those with CLCR 30 - 50 mL/min will receive 4-6 doses of 1.5 g ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours * Those with CLCR 15 - 29 mL/min will receive 6 doses of 750 mg ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours
Critically IllEXPERIMENTALCritically ill participants with CLCR ≥180 mL/min (as calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation) will receive a single dose of ceftolozane/tazobactam, 3 g, as a 60-minute intravenous infusion.
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDCEXPERIMENTALParticipants ≥12 to \<18 years of age received a single dose of ceftolozane/tazobactam (TOL/TAZ) 1000/500 mg FDC as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1.
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kgEXPERIMENTALParticipants ≥7 to \<12 years of age received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1.
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 years TOL/TAZ 18/9 or 30/15 mg/kgEXPERIMENTALParticipants ≥2 to \<7 years of age received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1. Participants in this cohort enrolled after interim analysis for Cohort 3 received TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg.
Cohort 4: ≥3 months to <2 years TOL/TAZ 18/9 or 30/15 mg/kgEXPERIMENTALParticipants ≥3 months to \<2 years of age received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1. Participants in this cohort enrolled after interim analysis for Cohort 3 received TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg.
Cohort 5: birth to <3 months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kgEXPERIMENTALParticipants from birth (\>32 weeks gestation, 7 days postnatal) to \<3 months of age received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1. After interim analysis for Cohort 4, the original regimen of TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg was changed to TOL/TAZ 20/10.
Cohort 6: birth to <3 months TOL/TAZ 12/6 or 20/10 mg/kgEXPERIMENTALParticipants from birth (≤32 weeks gestation, 7 days postnatal) to \<3 months of age with creatinine clearance =20 - 49 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1; participants with creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 received a single dose of TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg as a 60-minute infusion on Day 1. After interim analysis for Cohort 4, the original regimen of TOL/TAZ 12/6 was changed to TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg for participants with creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min/1.73 m\^2.

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
Ceftolozane/TazobactamDRUGCeftolozane 1000 mg / tazobactam 500 mg by IV infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days. Participants with CrCL of 30 to ≤ 50 mL/min will receive ceftolozane 500 mg / tazobactam 250 mg.
MetronidazoleDRUGMetronidazole 500 mg by IV infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days.
MeropenemDRUGMeropenem 1000 mg by IV infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days. Participants with CrCL of 30 to ≤ 50 mL/min will receive IV infusion every 12 hours.
PlaceboDRUGSaline by IV infusion every 8 hours for 4 to 14 days.
MK-7625A 1.5 g (ceftolozane 1 g/tazobactam 0.5 g)DRUGMK-7625A 1.5 g (ceftolozane 1 g/tazobactam 0.5 g) administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion
metronidazole 500 mgDRUGmetronidazole 500 mg administered as an IV infusion
CefepimeDRUGGiven IV
CeftolozaneDRUGGiven IV
Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisOTHERCorrelative studies
Piperacillin-TazobactamDRUGGiven IV
TazobactamDRUGGiven IV
Placebo for MetronidazoleDRUGPlacebo for metronidazole administered IV every 8 hours for between 5 to 14 days.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam - Multiple DosesDRUG4-6 doses of ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours as a 60-minute intravenous infusion as follows: * Participants with CLCR \> 50 mL/min will receive 4-6 doses of 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours * Participants with CLCR 30 - 50 mL/min will receive 4-6 doses of 1.5 g ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours * Participants with CLCR 15 - 29 mL/min will receive 6 doses of 750 mg ceftolozane/tazobactam every 8 hours
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam - Single DoseDRUGSingle dose of ceftolozane/tazobactam, 3 g, as a 60-minute intravenous infusion
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 1000/500 mgDRUGA fixed dose combination (FDC) of 1000 mg ceftolozane and 500 mg tazobactam as a 60 minute infusion.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 30/15 mg/kgDRUGA FDC of 30 mg/kg of ceftolozane and 15 mg/kg of tazobactam as a 60 minute infusion.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 20/10 mg/kgDRUGA FDC of 20 mg/kg of ceftolozane and 10 mg/kg of tazobactam as a 60 minute infusion.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 18/9 mg/kgDRUGA FDC of 18 mg/kg of ceftolozane and 9 mg/kg of tazobactam as a 60 minute infusion.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 12/6 mg/kgDRUGA FDC of 12 mg/kg of ceftolozane and 6 mg/kg of tazobactam as a 60 minute infusion.
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Eligibility Criteria

Age Range18 Years to 75 Years
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites25

Inclusion Criteria: * Must have one of the following diagnoses in which there is evidence of bacterial intraperitoneal infection: Cholecystitis (including gangrenous cholecystitis) with rupture, perforation, or progression of the infection beyond the gallbladder wall; Acute gastric or small intesti...

Countries:ChinaUnited StatesGreeceHungaryMexicoPolandRomaniaRussiaSouth AfricaTurkey (Türkiye)UkraineBrazilLithuaniaMalaysiaSpainChileColombiaEstonia
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Frequently asked questions about Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

What is Ceftolozane/Tazobactam?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam is an investigational small molecule antibiotic being developed by Merck & Company, Inc. (MRK) for serious bacterial infections. It is being studied in complicated intra-abdominal infection, complicated urinary tract infection, healthcare-associated pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia, and other infectious diseases, including use in critically ill patients.

What is Ceftolozane/Tazobactam used for?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam is being studied for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infection, complicated urinary tract infection, healthcare-associated pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia, and other infectious diseases. It is also being evaluated in critically ill patients. It remains investigational and is not approved for these uses.

Who makes Ceftolozane/Tazobactam?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam is developed by Merck & Company, Inc., which trades under the ticker MRK. Merck is conducting clinical trials of the drug across multiple infection types, including complicated intra-abdominal infection, complicated urinary tract infection, and nosocomial pneumonia.

What phase is Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam is in Phase 3 development. The Phase 3 trial, NCT03830333, evaluated Ceftolozane/Tazobactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in adults with complicated intra-abdominal infection. The drug is investigational and has not been approved by the FDA for the indications being studied.

What clinical trials is Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam has been studied in completed trials including NCT03830333, a Phase 3 trial in complicated intra-abdominal infection; NCT03485950, a Phase 2 trial in other infectious diseases; NCT03230838, a Phase 2 trial in pediatric complicated urinary tract infection; and NCT04223752, a Phase 1 pediatric trial in nosocomial pneumonia.

Is Ceftolozane/Tazobactam the same as Ceftolozane?

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam is also known as Ceftolozane, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 1000, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam 1000/500 mg, and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam - Multiple Doses. These names refer to the same drug asset developed by Merck & Company, Inc. under the ticker MRK.