Approval Probability
TA Base Rate
Adjusted LOA
ML Risk
BioThrax · 3 trials · 2 indications
Neutralizing antibody levels in blinded serum samples were measured using a validated anthrax lethal toxin neutralization assay. The primary assay endpoint was the 50% neutralization factor (TNA NF50), which is calculated as the ratio of the 50% effective dose (ED50) of the test sample to the ED50 of a reference serum.
Ratios of Area Under the Curve from zero to 12 hours (AUC0-12h) and maximum concentration (Cmax) achieved for ciprofloxacin (Day 5/Day 44).
Subjects recorded solicited injection site reactions (ISRs) (redness, swelling, tenderness, pain, itching, arm motion limitation) on diary cards for 7 days following the first injection (Day 0). All local reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of ISR was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Swelling/edema and redness/erythema were graded by the greater of two perpendicular measurements of diameter rated as follows: * Grade 0: none * Grade 1: \<3 cm * Grade 2: 3 to 10 cm * Grade 3: \>10 cm For all other ISRs, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited injection site reactions (ISRs) (redness, swelling, tenderness, pain, itching, arm motion limitation) on diary cards for 7 days following the first injection (Day 0). All local reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of ISR was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Swelling/edema and redness/erythema were graded by the greater of two perpendicular measurements of diameter rated as follows: * Grade 0: none * Grade 1: \<3 cm * Grade 2: 3 to 10 cm * Grade 3: \>10 cm For all other ISRs, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited injection site reactions (ISRs) (redness, swelling, tenderness, pain, itching, arm motion limitation) on diary cards for 7 days following the second injection (Day 14). All local reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of ISR was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Swelling/edema and redness/erythema were graded by the greater of two perpendicular measurements of diameter rated as follows: * Grade 0: none * Grade 1: \<3 cm * Grade 2: 3 to 10 cm * Grade 3: \>10 cm For all other ISRs, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited injection site reactions (ISRs) (redness, swelling, tenderness, pain, itching, arm motion limitation) on diary cards for 7 days following the second injection (Day 14). All local reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of ISR was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Swelling/edema and redness/erythema were graded by the greater of two perpendicular measurements of diameter rated as follows: * Grade 0: none * Grade 1: \<3 cm * Grade 2: 3 to 10 cm * Grade 3: \>10 cm For all other ISRs, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited systemic reactions (fever, fatigue, muscle aching, headache, nausea/GI upset) on diary cards for 7 days following each of two injections (Days 0 and 14) All systemic reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of systemic reactions was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance titled "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Toxicity grades for fever were derived from body temperature using the following scale: * Grade 0: \<100°F * Grade 1: 100.0 - 101.5°F * Grade 2: 101.6 - 102.9°F ; * Grade 3: 103.0 - 105.0°F For all other systemic reactions, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited systemic reactions (fever, fatigue, muscle aching, headache, nausea/GI upset) on diary cards for 7 days following each of two injections (Days 0 and 14) All systemic reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of systemic reactions was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance titled "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Toxicity grades for fever were derived from body temperature using the following scale: * Grade 0: \<100°F * Grade 1: 100.0 - 101.5°F * Grade 2: 101.6 - 102.9°F ; * Grade 3: 103.0 - 105.0°F For all other systemic reactions, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited systemic reactions (fever, fatigue, muscle aching, headache, nausea/GI upset) on diary cards for 7 days following each of two injections (Days 0 and 14) All systemic reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of systemic reactions was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance titled "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Toxicity grades for fever were derived from body temperature using the following scale: * Grade 0: \<100°F * Grade 1: 100.0 - 101.5°F * Grade 2: 101.6 - 102.9°F ; * Grade 3: 103.0 - 105.0°F For all other systemic reactions, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Subjects recorded solicited systemic reactions (fever, fatigue, muscle aching, headache, nausea/GI upset) on diary cards for 7 days following each of two injections (Days 0 and 14) All systemic reactions collected by subjects on diary cards were recorded as adverse events. Severity of systemic reactions was assessed using a grading scale based on FDA Guidance titled "Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials." Toxicity grades for fever were derived from body temperature using the following scale: * Grade 0: \<100°F * Grade 1: 100.0 - 101.5°F * Grade 2: 101.6 - 102.9°F ; * Grade 3: 103.0 - 105.0°F For all other systemic reactions, the following scale was used: * Grade 0: not present * Grade 1: present with no limitation of activity * Grade 2: interfering with daily activities or requiring non-narcotic treatment * Grade 3: preventing normal daily activities or requiring narcotic analgesia
Hematology test included hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, absolute eosinophil count, and platelet count. Serum chemistry test included albumin, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, calcium, potassium, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Urinalysis included appearance, color, pH, specific gravity, ketones, protein, glucose, bilirubin, nitrite, urobilinogen, and occult blood. Hematology tests were done on Days 0, 1, 2, 7, 28, and 56. Serum chemistry tests and urinalysis were done on Days 0, 7, 28, and 56.
Hematology test included hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, absolute eosinophil count, and platelet count. Serum chemistry test included albumin, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, calcium, potassium, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Urinalysis included appearance, color, pH, specific gravity, ketones, protein, glucose, bilirubin, nitrite, urobilinogen, and occult blood. Hematology tests were done on Days 0, 1, 2, 7, 28, and 56. Serum chemistry tests and urinalysis were done on Days 0, 7, 28, and 56.
| Arm | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BioThrax (0.5 mL, on days 0, 14, and 28) | EXPERIMENTAL | - |
| BioThrax + Ciprofloxacin PK | EXPERIMENTAL | BioThrax: route of administration/schedule- 0.5 mL subcutaneous (SC) injection / 0-2-4 week schedule. Ciprofloxacin: 500 mg twice a day (Days 1-6, 19-21, 33-35, 40-48). |
| BioThrax + Ciprofloxacin no PK | EXPERIMENTAL | BioThrax: route of administration/schedule- 0.5 mL subcutaneous (SC) injection / 0-2-4 week schedule. Ciprofloxacin: 500 mg twice a day (Days 1-6, 19-21, 33-35, 40-48). |
| BioThrax only | EXPERIMENTAL | BioThrax: route of administration/schedule- 0.5 mL subcutaneous (SC) injection / 0-2-4 week schedule. |
| BioThrax | ACTIVE_COMPARATOR | BioThrax, 0.5 mL AVA per dose |
| AV7909 Formulation 1 | EXPERIMENTAL | 0.5 mL AVA + 0.5 mg CPG 7909 per 0.5 mL dose |
| AV7909 Formulation 2 | EXPERIMENTAL | 0.5 mL AVA + 0.25 mg CPG 7909 per 0.5 mL dose |
| AV7909 Formulation 3 | EXPERIMENTAL | 0.25 mL AVA + 0.5 mg CPG 7909 per 0.5 mL dose |
| AV7909 Formulation 4 | EXPERIMENTAL | 0.25 mL AVA + 0.25 mg CPG 7909 per 0.5 mL dose |
| Control | PLACEBO_COMPARATOR | Saline control |
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BioThrax | BIOLOGICAL | BioThrax, 0.5 mL administered subcutaneously on days 0, 14, and 28. |
| Ciprofloxacin | DRUG | 500 mg twice a day (Days 1-6, 19-21, 33-35, 40-48). |
| AV7909 Formulation 1 | BIOLOGICAL | AV7909 Formulation 1 |
| AV7909 Formulation 2 | BIOLOGICAL | AV7909 Formulation 2 |
| AV7909 Formulation 3 | BIOLOGICAL | AV7909 Formulation 3 |
| AV7909 Formulation 4 | BIOLOGICAL | AV7909 Formulation 4 |
| Control | DRUG | Saline control |
Inclusion Criteria: * Be between 18 and 65 years of age, inclusive, at the time of enrollment. * Be in good health as determined by the investigator from medical history and a physical examination. * If a pre-menopausal female, must be using acceptable methods of birth control. * Have all hematolog...
BioThrax is a vaccine used for Bacillus Anthracis (Anthrax) Infection and Anthrax. It is being developed by Emergent BioSolutions Inc. for post-exposure prophylaxis and prevention of anthrax disease.
BioThrax is developed by Emergent BioSolutions Inc., a biopharmaceutical company traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol EBS.
BioThrax is in Phase 3 clinical development. It has completed two trials, including a Phase 3 study evaluating a three-dose regimen for post-exposure prophylaxis in healthy adults.
BioThrax has been studied in clinical trials including NCT01263691, a Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity study; NCT01491607, a Phase 3 immunogenicity and safety study; and NCT01753115, a Phase 2 study of co-administration with ciprofloxacin.
BioThrax is classified as a monoclonal antibody modality, though it functions as a vaccine. It is designed to generate an immune response against Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax.