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Tetrodotoxin

Phase 3

Pain | Biologics | Oncology |Dogwood Therapeutics, Inc.|Trials Updated: Sep 16, 2026

Tetrodotoxin development status

Highest phase Phase 3
Registered trials 7 across 2 sponsors since Jul 2008

Tetrodotoxin target and mechanism

ModalityBiologics

Also known as Halneuron, TTX

Success Probability

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Market & Valuation

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Trial Design

RandomizedDouble-BlindPLACEBO_CONTROLLED
Total Trials4
Total Enrollment543

FDA Designations

No designations recorded

Tetrodotoxin clinical trials

Tetrodotoxin · 4 trials · 6 indications

Phase 3 2Phase 2 1Phase 1 1
NCT00726011Tetrodotoxin Open-label Efficacy and Safety Continuation StudyPain
COMPLETED113 Analytics
NCT00725114Safety & Efficacy Study of Subcutaneous Tetrodotoxin for Moderate to Severe Inadequately Controlled Cancer-related PainPain
COMPLETED165 Analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Tetrodotoxin Open-label Efficacy and Safety Continuation Study
PainUnlock trial analytics
PHASE3COMPLETED
Safety & Efficacy Study of Subcutaneous Tetrodotoxin for Moderate to Severe Inadequately Controlled Cancer-related Pain
PainUnlock trial analytics

Study Endpoints

Primary Endpoints

Efficacy: long-term efficacy of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in reducing pain and improving quality of life. Safety: long-term safety and tolerability of s.c. TTX
Repeat treatment for patients with meaningful analgesic response
Efficacy: Composite-endpoint will be an evaluation that combines pain outcome and quality of life. Pain intensity will be used a co-primary endpoint. Safety as assessed by the analysis of AEs, 12-lead ECG, and abnormal lab values.
Dec2010
NRS Pain
From enrollment to end of study at 4 weeks

Change from Baseline in the weekly average of daily 24-hour pain intensity scores analyzed by percentage of responders among patients treated with Halneuron compared to Placebo

Safety Assessments
From enrollment to end of study at 4 weeks

Incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs), adverse events (AEs) and Adverse Events of Special Interests (AESIs)

Cardiodynamic
24 hours

The primary cardiodynamic endpoint was the effect of TTX plasma concentrations on the QTc interval using linear mixed-effect exposure-response modeling, including the predicted ddQTc at Cmax values corresponding to exposure levels of interest.

Secondary Endpoints

For each Treatment Cycle: the total number of days a subject meets the definition of pain response.
Repeat treatment for subjects with meaningful analgesic response
The period of onset of pain response as reported by responders.
Dec2010
The number of days a subject meets the definition of pain response.
Dec2010
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Study Design & Arms

AllocationNA
MaskingNONE
ModelSINGLE_GROUP
PurposeTREATMENT

Treatment Arms

ArmTypeDescription
TetrodotoxinEXPERIMENTALThere is only one arm; active treatment with TTX
Sugar injectionPLACEBO_COMPARATOR -
PlaceboPLACEBO_COMPARATORPlacebo
HalneuronEXPERIMENTALHalneuron
Open Label ExtensionACTIVE_COMPARATORSubjects may choose to continue in an Open Label Extension (OLE) phase if they complete the randomized phase. All subjects regardless of treatment assignment in the randomized phase will receive Halneuron, during the OLE phase of the study, if offered by the clinical site.
Treatment ArmEXPERIMENTAL(Period 1) A single TTX dose of 15 μg (0.5 mL of TTX 30 μg/mL injection solution) administered as 1 SC injection with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo (1 x placebo tablet) (Period 2) A single TTX dose of 30 μg (1 mL of TTX 30 μg/mL injection solution) administered as 1 SC injection with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo (1 x placebo tablet) (Period 3) A single TTX dose of 45 μg (1.5 mL of TTX 30 μg/mL injection solution) administered as 2 SC injections with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo (1 x placebo tablet)
ControlPLACEBO_COMPARATORTreatment D: (Period 1)A single matching-TTX placebo administered with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo Treatment E: (Period 2)A single matching-TTX placebo with a single oral 400 mg moxifloxacin Treatment F: (Period 3)A single matching-TTX placebo with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo Treatment G: (Period 1)A single matching-TTX placebo with a single oral 400 mg moxifloxacin Treatment H: (Period 2)A single matching-TTX placebo with a single oral moxifloxacin matching placebo Treatment I: (Period 3)A single matching-TTX placebo with a single oral 400 mg moxifloxacin

Interventions

NameTypeDescription
TetrodotoxinBIOLOGICAL30 µg twice daily for 4 days; repeated every two weeks as long as there is a meaningful analgesic response
PlaceboBIOLOGICAL2 mL subcutaneous injection twice daily for 4 days
HalneuronDRUGHalneuron for Subcutaneous Injection
Halneuron (Open Label Extension)DRUGHalneuron for Subcutaneous Injection
PlacebosDRUGmatching placebo comparator
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Eligibility Criteria

Age Range18 Years to N/A
SexALL
Healthy VolunteersNo
Study Sites1

Inclusion Criteria: All patients who participated in the TEC-006 study (tetrodotoxin and placebo-treated) will be eligible for inclusion in this study provided they wish to continue to receive treatment and meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. NOTE: The blinded treatment assignment of patien...

Countries:CanadaUnited States
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Recent Changes (Last 90 Days)

MEDIUMSep 16, 2026NCT06848348Status: RECRUITING → ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
MEDIUMSep 16, 2026NCT06848348Status: RECRUITING → ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Frequently asked questions about Tetrodotoxin

What is Tetrodotoxin used for?

Tetrodotoxin is being developed for the treatment of moderate to severe cancer-related pain that is inadequately controlled. It has also been studied in a dedicated cardiac safety trial known as a TQT study, which assessed its cardiovascular effects in healthy adult volunteers.

Who is developing Tetrodotoxin?

Tetrodotoxin is being developed by Dogwood Therapeutics, Inc., which trades under the ticker DWTX. The company has sponsored clinical studies of the drug in cancer-related pain and in a cardiac safety setting.

What phase is Tetrodotoxin in?

Tetrodotoxin has reached Phase 3 clinical development. Two completed Phase 3 trials evaluated subcutaneous Tetrodotoxin in patients with moderate to severe inadequately controlled cancer-related pain, and a separate Phase 1 cardiovascular study has also been completed. It remains an investigational drug.

What clinical trials is Tetrodotoxin in?

Tetrodotoxin has been studied in completed trials including NCT00725114, a Phase 3 safety and efficacy study of subcutaneous Tetrodotoxin for cancer-related pain, and its open-label continuation study NCT00726011. A Phase 1 cardiovascular study, NCT04083833, evaluated its effect in healthy adult subjects.

How many patients were enrolled in Tetrodotoxin trials?

Across the reported Tetrodotoxin studies, total enrollment was 278 participants. The Phase 3 cancer pain study NCT00725114 enrolled 165 patients, the open-label continuation study NCT00726011 enrolled 113 patients, and the Phase 1 cardiovascular study NCT04083833 enrolled 25 healthy adult volunteers.

Was Tetrodotoxin studied in a placebo-controlled trial?

Yes. The Tetrodotoxin clinical program included randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled designs. The Phase 1 cardiovascular study NCT04083833 was randomized, double-blind, and included both placebo and positive controls, while the Phase 3 cancer pain studies used randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled methodology.